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Infection and Immunity, March 2002, p. 1359-1366, Vol. 70, No. 3
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.3.1359-1366.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effects of Anaplasma phagocytophila on NADPH Oxidase Components in Human Neutrophils and HL-60 Cells

Jason Mott,1 Yasuko Rikihisa,1* and Shohko Tsunawaki2

Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1092,1 Department of Infectious Disease Research, The National Children's Medical Research Center, Tokyo 154-8509, Japan2

Received 10 September 2001/ Returned for modification 17 October 2001/ Accepted 29 November 2001

The human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, Anaplasma phagocytophila, resides and multiplies exclusively in cytoplasmic vacuoles of granulocytes. A. phagocytophila rapidly inhibits the superoxide anion (O2-) generation by human neutrophils in response to various stimuli. To determine the inhibitory mechanism, the influence of A. phagocytophila on protein levels and localization of components of the NADPH oxidase were examined. A. phagocytophila decreased levels of p22phox, but not gp91phox, p47phox, p67phox, or P40phox reactive with each component-specific antibody in human peripheral blood neutrophils and HL-60 cells. Double immunofluorescence labeling revealed that p47phox, p67phox, Rac2, and p22phox did not colocalize with A. phagocytophila inclusions in neutrophils or HL-60 cells, and p22phox levels were also reduced. A. phagocytophila did not prevent either membrane translocation of cytoplasmic p47phox and p67phox or phosphorylation of p47phox upon stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate. The inhibitory signals for O2- generation was independent of several signals required for A. phagocytophila internalization. These results suggest that rapid alteration in p22phox induced by binding of A. phagocytophila to neutrophils is involved in the inhibition of O2- generation. Absence of colocalization of NADPH oxidase components with the inclusion further protects A. phagocytophila from oxidative damage.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, OH 43210-1092. Phone: (614) 292-5661. Fax: (614) 292-6473. E-mail: Rikihisa.1{at}osu.edu.

Infection and Immunity, March 2002, p. 1359-1366, Vol. 70, No. 3
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.3.1359-1366.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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