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Infection and Immunity, April 2002, p. 1949-1956, Vol. 70, No. 4
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.4.1949-1956.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Coexpression of Interleukin-12 Chains by a Self-Splicing Vector Increases the Protective Cellular Immune Response of DNA and Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Umaimainthan Palendira,1,2 Arun T. Kamath,1 Carl G. Feng,1 Ela Martin,1,2 Paul J. Chaplin,3 James A. Triccas,1 and Warwick J. Britton1,4*

Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, New South Wales 2042,1 Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland 4029,2 Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia,4 Bavarian Nordic Research Institute, Martinsried 82152, Germany3

Received 9 August 2001/ Returned for modification 8 October 2001/ Accepted 3 January 2002

More effective vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis may contribute to the control of this major human pathogen. DNA vaccines encoding single mycobacterial proteins stimulate antimycobacterial T-cell responses and induce partial protection against M. tuberculosis in animal models. The protective efficacy of these vaccines encoding a single antigen, however, has been less than that afforded by the current vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) potentiates the induction and maintenance of the type 1 helper T-cell response. We have developed a novel self-splicing vector based on the 2A protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus that permits the coordinate expression of both chains of IL-12 (p2AIL12). Coimmunization with this vector and DNA expressing M. tuberculosis antigen 85B or MPT64 enhanced the specific lymphocyte proliferative response and increased the frequency of specific gamma interferon-secreting T cells against the whole protein and a defined CD8+ T-cell epitope on MPT64. Further, coimmunizing with p2AIL12 significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85 in the lung against an aerosol challenge with M. tuberculosis to the level achieved with BCG. Therefore, codelivery of an IL-12-secreting plasmid may be a potent strategy for enhancing the protective efficacy of vaccines against M. tuberculosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Locked Bag No. 6, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia. Phone: 61-2-9515 5210. Fax: 61-2-9351 3968. E-mail: wbritton{at}medicine.usyd.edu.au.

Editor: R. N. Moore

Infection and Immunity, April 2002, p. 1949-1956, Vol. 70, No. 4
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.4.1949-1956.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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