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Infection and Immunity, July 2002, p. 3521-3528, Vol. 70, No. 7
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.7.3521-3528.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Neonatal Vaccination against Bordetella pertussis in a Murine Model: Evidence for Early Control of Pertussis

Caroline Roduit,1 Paola Bozzotti,1 Nathalie Mielcarek,2 Paul-Henri Lambert,1 Giuseppe del Giudice,3 Camille Locht,2 and Claire-Anne Siegrist1*

World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccinology and Neonatal Immunology, Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland,1 Unité INSERM U447, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France,2 Immunobiological Research Institute of Siena, Chiron S.p.A., 53100 Siena, Italy3

Received 26 December 2001/ Returned for modification 18 February 2002/ Accepted 15 April 2002

A significant resurgence of early cases of pertussis is being observed in infants too young to have yet completed their three-dose vaccination schedule. In this study, murine models of immunization and Bordetella pertussis challenge were adapted to early life. This allowed comparative evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of immunization initiated in the neonatal period (7-day-old mice) or in infancy (3-week-old mice) with diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis (DTPw) and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTPa) vaccines. Neonatal DTPa vaccination induced strong pertussis-specific antibody and memory responses. Patterns of bacterial clearance were similar in both age groups. In contrast, as observed in human neonates, neonatal DTPw priming did not induce significant antibody responses to pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and even interfered with subsequent antibody responses. However, this did not reflect induction of permanent neonatal tolerance, as antigen-specific antibodies could be elicited by subsequent exposure to DTPa. Furthermore, despite these blunted PT and FHA antibody responses, the protective efficacy of DTPw in neonatal mice proved similar to that in infant mice, resulting in complete bacterial clearance at day 8 after B. pertussis challenge. Thus, neonatal priming with antipertussis vaccines should be considered to reduce the window of vulnerability to pertussis at the time of its greatest severity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: WHO Collaborating Center for Vaccinology and Neonatal Immunology, Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Phone: (41) 22 702 57 78. Fax: (41) 22 702 58 01. E-mail: Claire-Anne.Siegrist{at}medecine.unige.ch.

Editor: E. I. Tuomanen

Infection and Immunity, July 2002, p. 3521-3528, Vol. 70, No. 7
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.7.3521-3528.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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