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Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Skin Lesions of Patients with American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Muna Qadoumi,^1, Inge Becker,² Norbert Donhauser,¹ Martin Röllinghoff,¹ and Christian Bogdan^1*

Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,¹ Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico²

Received 27 November 2001/ Returned for modification 30 January 2002/ Accepted 11 May 2002

Cytokine-inducible (or type 2) nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is indispensable for the resolution of Leishmania major or Leishmania donovani infections in mice. In contrast, little is known about the expression and function of iNOS in human leishmaniasis. Here, we show by immunohistological analysis of skin biopsies from Mexican patients with local (LCL) or diffuse (DCL) cutaneous leishmaniasis that the expression of iNOS was most prominent in LCL lesions with small numbers of parasites whereas lesions with a high parasite burden (LCL or DCL) contained considerably fewer iNOS-positive cells. This is the first study to suggest an antileishmanial function of iNOS in human Leishmania infections in vivo.

Editor: J. M. Mansfield

Present address: Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, D-68135 Mannheim, Germany.

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