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Infection and Immunity, October 2003, p. 5676-5681, Vol. 71, No. 10
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.10.5676-5681.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Specific Antibody Responses to Three Schistosome-Related Carbohydrate Structures in Recently Exposed Immigrants and Established Residents in an Area of Schistosoma mansoni Endemicity

Cynthia W. A. Naus,1 Alexandra van Remoortere,1 John H. Ouma,2 Gachuhi Kimani,2 David W. Dunne,3 Johannis P. Kamerling,4 André M. Deelder,1 and Cornelis H. Hokke1*

Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden,1 Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,4 Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya ,2 Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom3

Received 31 March 2003/ Returned for modification 5 June 2003/ Accepted 26 July 2003

By the use of surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass and IgM antibodies against three schistosome-derived carbohydrate structures, FLDN (Fuc{alpha}1-3GalNAcß1-4GlcNAcß1-3Gal{alpha}1), LDN-DF [GalNAcß1-4(Fuc{alpha}1-2Fuc{alpha}1-3)GlcNAcß1], and LDNF [GalNAcß1-4(Fuc{alpha}1-3)GlcNAcß1-3Gal{alpha}1], were measured in 184 previously unexposed Kenyan immigrants who moved into the Masongaleni area, where Schistosoma mansoni is endemic. They were sampled within their first year of exposure and again 2 years later. A cohort selected out of the original residents of the area, who had been exposed for many years, served as controls. Associations with responses to S. mansoni worm, egg (SEA), and cercarial (CERC) antigens were examined. In addition, we measured responses to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, a glycoprotein which carries glycan epitopes that are also expressed by schistosomes. Specific IgG1 responses were most pronounced against FLDN and LDN-DF and strongly associated with those previously measured to SEA and CERC. Similarly to previously published age profiles of IgG1 and IgG2 responses to SEA, levels of IgG1 against LDN-DF decreased with age. In contrast, specific IgM responses against the three schistosome-derived carbohydrate structures were most marked against LDNF. Our results indicate that, of the three glycan structures tested, the acute response against schistosome glycoconjugate antigens in young children is mainly directed against the LDN-DF epitope. The response to LDN-DF in older individuals and the responses to the two other epitopes were similar in the two cohorts, suggesting that these antigens are recognized in the early stages of infection and that the immune response persists. The biological significance of these observations needs further elucidation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Parasitology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, LUMC, L4-Q, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands. Phone: 31 (0)71-5265065. Fax: 31 (0)71-5266907. E-mail: C.H.Hokke{at}lumc.nl.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, October 2003, p. 5676-5681, Vol. 71, No. 10
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.10.5676-5681.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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