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Infection and Immunity, October 2003, p. 6051-6053, Vol. 71, No. 10
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.10.6051-6053.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Inflammatory Cytokine Production Predominates in Early Lyme Disease in Patients with Erythema Migrans

Lisa Glickstein,^* Brian Moore, Tara Bledsoe, Nitin Damle, Vijay Sikand,^|| and Allen C. Steere^#

Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111

Received 11 April 2003/ Returned for modification 5 June 2003/ Accepted 13 July 2003

In a study of cytokine production ex vivo by Borrelia burgdorferi-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 27 patients with culture-positive erythema migrans, production of inflammatory cytokines predominated, particularly gamma interferon and, to a lesser degree, tumor necrosis factor alpha. In contrast, with the exception of interleukin-13, anti-inflammatory cytokine production was negligible. Thus, B. burgdorferi antigens in early Lyme disease often induce a strong inflammatory response.

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* Corresponding author. Present address: Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St., Rm. 8301, Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: (617) 726-1529. Fax: (617) 726-1544. E-mail: lglickstein{at}partners.org.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Present address: Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.

Present address: Biology Department, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.

Present address: 481 Kingstown Rd., Wakefield, RI 02879.

^|| Present address: 324 Flanders Rd., East Lyme, CT 06333.

^# Present address: Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.

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Infection and Immunity, October 2003, p. 6051-6053, Vol. 71, No. 10
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.10.6051-6053.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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