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Infection and Immunity, May 2003, p. 2607-2614, Vol. 71, No. 5
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.5.2607-2614.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Changes in Pulmonary Function and Parasite Burden in Rats Infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis Concomitant with Induction of Allergic Airway Inflammation

Departamentos de Parasitologia,¹ and Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,² Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil³

Received 21 October 2002/ Returned for modification 14 December 2002/ Accepted 16 February 2003

The prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma has increased markedly over the past few decades. To evaluate the possible mutual influence of helminth infection and allergy, the combined effects of experimental allergic airway inflammation and infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis on various parasitological and inflammatory indices were evaluated in the rat. A challenge of immunized rats with aerosolized ovalbumin (OVA) resulted in eosinophilic inflammation that peaked 48 h after the challenge and was accompanied by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to an intravenous acetylcholine challenge. S. venezuelensis infection concomitant with an OVA challenge of immunized rats resulted in prolonged pulmonary inflammation with increased eosinophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but not in the lung tissue. These rats also showed a significant parasite burden reduction, especially during parasite migration through the lungs. However, the fecundity rates of worms that reached the intestine were similar in allergic and nonallergic animals. Despite airway inflammation, the increased responsiveness of the airways in the experimental asthma model was suppressed during parasite migration through the lungs (2 days). In contrast, parasite-induced AHR was unchanged 5 days after infection in immunized and challenged rats. In conclusion, infection with S. venezuelensis interfered with the onset of AHR following an antigen challenge of immunized rats. The ability of parasites to switch off functional airway responses is therapeutically relevant because we may learn from parasites how to modulate lung function and, hence, the AHR characteristic of asthmatic patients.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

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