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Infection and Immunity, July 2003, p. 3794-3801, Vol. 71, No. 7
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.7.3794-3801.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Largest Open Reading Frame (pks12) in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genome Is Involved in Pathogenesis and Dimycocerosyl Phthiocerol Synthesis

Tatiana D. Sirakova,1 Vinod S. Dubey,1 Hwa-Jung Kim,1 Michael H. Cynamon,2 and Pappachan E. Kolattukudy1*

Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Neurobiotechnology Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210,1 Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 132102

Received 2 August 2002/ Returned for modification 16 September 2002/ Accepted 2 April 2003

The cell wall lipids in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are probably involved in pathogenesis. The largest open reading frame in the genome of M. tuberculosis H37Rv, pks12, is unique in that it encodes two sets of domains needed to produce fatty acids. A pks12-disrupted mutant was produced, and disruption was confirmed by both PCR analysis and Southern blotting. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that a 430-kDa protein band present in the wild type was missing in the mutant. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS analysis of tryptic peptides showed that 54 peptides distributed throughout this protein matched the pks12-encoded sequence. Biochemical analysis using [1-14C]propionate as the radiotracer showed that the pks12 mutant was deficient in the synthesis of dimycocerosyl phthiocerol (DIM). SDS-PAGE, immunoblot analysis of proteins, and analysis of fatty acids showed that the mutant can produce mycocerosic acids. Thus, the pks12 gene is probably involved in the synthesis of phthiocerol, the diol required for DIM synthesis. Growth of the pks12 mutant was attenuated in mouse alveolar macrophage cell line MH-S, and the virulence of the mutant in vivo was highly attenuated in a murine model. Thus, pks12 probably participates in DIM production and its expression is involved in pathogenesis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Biomolecular Science Center, University of Central Florida, Building 20, Room 136, Orlando, FL 32816-2360. Phone: (407) 823-1206. Fax: (407) 823-0956. E-mail: PK{at}mail.ucf.edu.

Editor: S. H. E. Kaufmann

Infection and Immunity, July 2003, p. 3794-3801, Vol. 71, No. 7
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.7.3794-3801.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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