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Both Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-4 Receptor Signaling Contribute to the Development of Hepatic Granulomas with Optimal Antileishmanial Activity

Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London,¹ Department of Immunology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom,² Department of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa³

Received 2 December 2002/ Returned for modification 17 January 2003/ Accepted 29 April 2003

The roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 in the regulation of immunity to Leishmania donovani infection are still poorly understood. Here we show that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4^-/- and IL-4 receptor ^-/- mice correlates with retarded granuloma maturation and antileishmanial activity and that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4 receptor ^-/- mice correlates with increased NOS2 expression and decreased serum gamma interferon levels. IL-4 and IL-13 appear to play little role in regulating collagen deposition in L. donovani-induced granulomas.

Editor: J. M. Mansfield

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