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Infection and Immunity, September 2003, p. 5194-5201, Vol. 71, No. 9
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.9.5194-5201.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Binding of Shiga Toxin 2e to Porcine Erythrocytes In Vivo and In Vitro

Ilze Matise,1,{dagger} Nancy A. Cornick,1,{ddagger} James E. Samuel,2 and Harley W. Moon1*

Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011,1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 774832

Received 29 August 2002/ Returned for modification 7 January 2003/ Accepted 27 May 2003

Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e), produced by host-adapted Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains, causes edema disease in weaned pigs. Edema disease is manifested as vascular necrosis, edema, neurologic signs, and death. In this study we sought to determine the correlation between the presence of Stx2e in the blood of STEC-inoculated pigs and the disease outcome. Eleven of 15 (73%) pigs with clinical and 5 of 35 (14%) pigs with subclinical edema disease had detectable levels of Stx2e in the red-blood-cell (RBC) fraction of their blood but not in serum or plasma. The presence of Stx2e in the RBC fraction was strongly associated with the development of clinical disease (relative risk, 5.8; P < 0.0001). Subclinical pigs with Stx2e in their blood developed more-extensive vascular lesions than pigs without detectable Stx2e in their blood (average proportions of necrotic arterioles, 63 and 27.5%, respectively; P = 0.001). Variations in RBC-bound Stx2e levels could in part reflect variations in the binding capacity of RBCs. As an initial step toward addressing this possibility, assays were conducted to determine if pigs vary in the Stx2e binding capacity of their RBCs. An in vitro study of noninoculated pigs demonstrated two phenotypes based on the capacity of the RBCs to bind Stx2e. While RBCs from most of the pigs consistently bound high levels of Stx2e (high-binding phenotype), consistently low Stx2e binding was detected in RBCs from a few pigs (low-binding phenotype). The low- and high-binding phenotypes of individual pigs remained consistent throughout repeated samplings over 2 months.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. Phone: (515) 294-3282. Fax: (515) 294-5423. E-mail: hwmoon{at}iastate.edu.

Editor: V. J. DiRita

{dagger} Present address: Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.

{ddagger} Present address: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.

Infection and Immunity, September 2003, p. 5194-5201, Vol. 71, No. 9
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.9.5194-5201.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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  • Sonntag, A.-K., Bielaszewska, M., Mellmann, A., Dierksen, N., Schierack, P., Wieler, L. H., Schmidt, M. A., Karch, H. (2005). Shiga Toxin 2e-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans and Pigs Differ in Their Virulence Profiles and Interactions with Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 8855-8863 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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