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Infection and Immunity, November 2004, p. 6255-6261, Vol. 72, No. 11
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.11.6255-6261.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Recognition of Mycobacterial Antigens Delivered by Genetically Detoxified Bordetella pertussis Adenylate Cyclase by T Cells from Cattle with Bovine Tuberculosis

TB Research Group, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone,¹ Wellcome Centre for Research in Clinical Tropical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Wright Fleming Institute, Paddington, London, United Kingdom,³ Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic,² Unite de Biologie des Regulations Immunitaires, INSERM E 352, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France⁴

Received 3 June 2004/ Returned for modification 15 July 2004/ Accepted 3 August 2004

The exponential increase in the incidence of tuberculosis in cattle over the last two decades in the British national herd constitutes a significant economic problem. Therefore, research efforts are under way to develop cattle tuberculosis vaccines and specific diagnostic reagents to allow the distinction of vaccinated from infected animals. Mycobacterial antigens like ESAT-6 and CFP10 allow this distinction. This study investigates whether fusion protein of ESAT-6 or CFP10 with genetically detoxified Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (CyaA) are recognized by Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle more effectively than conventional recombinant proteins are, thus enhancing sensitivity or reducing the amount of antigens required. By measuring the frequencies of gamma interferon (IFN-)-producing cells, we were able to show that the presentation of CFP10 as a CyaA fusion protein enhanced the molecular efficiency of its recognition 20-fold, while the recognition of ESAT-6 was not improved by CyaA delivery. Furthermore, in the whole-blood IFN- test currently used in the field, the delivery of CFP10 and ESAT-6 by fusion to CyaA increased the amount of IFN- produced and hence the proportion of infected animals responding to CFP10. The improved T-cell recognition of CyaA336/CFP10 was found to be dependent upon interaction with CD11b. In addition, presentation of CyaA336/CFP10 to CD4⁺ T cells was chloroquine sensitive, and CFP10 delivery by CyaA resulted in its accelerated presentation to T cells. In conclusion, the use of CyaA fusion proteins with ESAT-6 and CFP10 has the potential to improve the sensitivity of immunodiagnostic tests detecting bovine tuberculosis in cattle.

Editor: J. T. Barbieri

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