This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Berry, L. J. Articles by Beagley, K. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Berry, L. J. Articles by Beagley, K. W.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, February 2004, p. 1019-1028, Vol. 72, No. 2
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.2.1019-1028.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Transcutaneous Immunization with Combined Cholera Toxin and CpG Adjuvant Protects against Chlamydia muridarum Genital Tract Infection

Discipline of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Biomedical Science, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute,¹ School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle,³ Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,² Department of Microbiology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York⁴

Received 14 July 2003/ Returned for modification 28 August 2003/ Accepted 20 October 2003

Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogen of the genital tract and ocular epithelium. Infection is established by the binding of the metabolically inert elementary body (EB) to epithelial cells. These are taken up by endocytosis into a membrane-bound vesicle termed an inclusion. The inclusion avoids fusion with host lysosomes, and the EBs differentiate into the metabolically active reticulate body (RB), which replicates by binary fission within the protected environment of the inclusion. During the extracellular EB stage of the C. trachomatis life cycle, antibody present in genital tract or ocular secretions can inhibit infection both in vivo and in tissue culture. The RB, residing within the intracellular inclusion, is not accessible to antibody, and resolution of infection at this stage requires a cell-mediated immune response mediated by gamma interferon-secreting Th1 cells. Thus, an ideal vaccine to protect against C. trachomatis genital tract infection should induce both antibody (immunoglobulin A [IgA] and IgG) responses in mucosal secretions to prevent infection by chlamydial EB and a strong Th1 response to limit ascending infection to the uterus and fallopian tubes. In the present study we show that transcutaneous immunization with major outer membrane protein (MOMP) in combination with both cholera toxin and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides elicits MOMP-specific IgG and IgA in vaginal and uterine lavage fluid, MOMP-specific IgG in serum, and gamma interferon-secreting T cells in reproductive tract-draining caudal and lumbar lymph nodes. This immunization protocol resulted in enhanced clearance of C. muridarum (C. trachomatis, mouse pneumonitis strain) following intravaginal challenge of BALB/c mice.

Editor: J. T. Barbieri

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Kaiko, G. E., Phipps, S., Hickey, D. K., Lam, C. E., Hansbro, P. M., Foster, P. S., Beagley, K. W. (2008). Chlamydia muridarum Infection Subverts Dendritic Cell Function to Promote Th2 Immunity and Airways Hyperreactivity. J. Immunol. 180: 2225-2232 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Di Martino, C., Basset, C., Ogier, A., Charpilienne, A., Poncet, D., Kohli, E. (2007). Distribution and phenotype of rotavirus-specific B cells induced during the antigen-driven primary response to 2/6 virus-like particles administered by the intrarectal and the intranasal routes. J. Leukoc. Biol. 82: 821-828 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Horvat, J. C., Beagley, K. W., Wade, M. A., Preston, J. A., Hansbro, N. G., Hickey, D. K., Kaiko, G. E., Gibson, P. G., Foster, P. S., Hansbro, P. M. (2007). Neonatal Chlamydial Infection Induces Mixed T-Cell Responses That Drive Allergic Airway Disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 176: 556-564 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Murthy, A. K., Chambers, J. P., Meier, P. A., Zhong, G., Arulanandam, B. P. (2007). Intranasal Vaccination with a Secreted Chlamydial Protein Enhances Resolution of Genital Chlamydia muridarum Infection, Protects against Oviduct Pathology, and Is Highly Dependent upon Endogenous Gamma Interferon Production. Infect. Immun. 75: 666-676 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adamsson, J., Lindblad, M., Lundqvist, A., Kelly, D., Holmgren, J., Harandi, A. M. (2006). Novel immunostimulatory agent based on CpG oligodeoxynucleotide linked to the nontoxic B subunit of cholera toxin.. J. Immunol. 176: 4902-4913 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pal, S., Peterson, E. M., de la Maza, L. M. (2005). Vaccination with the Chlamydia trachomatis Major Outer Membrane Protein Can Elicit an Immune Response as Protective as That Resulting from Inoculation with Live Bacteria. Infect. Immun. 73: 8153-8160 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Guebre-Xabier, M., Hammond, S. A., Ellingsworth, L. R., Glenn, G. M. (2004). Immunostimulant Patch Enhances Immune Responses to Influenza Virus Vaccine in Aged Mice. J. Virol. 78: 7610-7618 [Abstract] [Full Text]