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Infection and Immunity, March 2004, p. 1298-1305, Vol. 72, No. 3
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1298-1305.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Lutzomyia longipalpis Salivary Gland Homogenate Impairs Cytokine Production and Costimulatory Molecule Expression on Human Monocytes and Dendritic Cells

Dirceu J. Costa,1,2 Cecília Favali,1,2 Jorge Clarêncio,1 Lílian Afonso,1 Viviane Conceição,1 José Carlos Miranda,1 Richard G. Titus,3 Jesus Valenzuela,4 Manoel Barral-Netto,1,5,6 Aldina Barral,1,5,6 and Cláudia Ida Brodskyn1,2,6*

Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ),1 Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia,2 Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Bahia,5 Immunology Investigation Institute— Salvador, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,6 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado,3 Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland4

Received 11 September 2003/ Returned for modification 17 November 2003/ Accepted 8 December 2003

In this report, we describe an investigation of the effects of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand fly salivary gland homogenates (SGH) on cytokine production and expression of costimulatory molecules on human monocytes, macrophages (M{phi}s), and dendritic cells (DCs). SGH of L. longipalpis induced an increase in interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-12p40 production but a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-10 production by lipopolysaccharida (LPS)-stimulated monocytes. We also examined the expression of costimulatory molecules on the surface of monocytes, M{phi}s, and DCs. Whereas SGH affected the expression of these molecules on monocytes and M{phi}s, it had little effect on these molecules on DCs. However, when DCs were generated from human monocytes in the presence of SGH, SGH inhibited the expression of costimulatory molecules. In addition, a decrease in the maturation of DCs induced by CD40L was observed in the presence of SGH. Finally, preincubating SGH with human sera containing anti-SGH-specific antibodies abolished the effects of SGH on cytokine production by LPS-stimulated monocytes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 40295-001. Phone: 55-71-356 8782 ext. 211. Fax: 55-71-356 8782 ext. 261. E-mail: brodskyn{at}cpqgm.fiocruz.br.

Editor: B. B. Finlay

Infection and Immunity, March 2004, p. 1298-1305, Vol. 72, No. 3
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1298-1305.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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