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Infection and Immunity, March 2004, p. 1603-1607, Vol. 72, No. 3
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1603-1607.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antibodies That Inhibit Binding of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes to Chondroitin Sulfate A and to the C Terminus of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 Correlate with Reduced Placental Malaria in Cameroonian Women

Diane Wallace Taylor,1* Aniong Zhou,2 Lauren E. Marsillio,1 Lucy W. Thuita,1 Efua B. Leke,1 OraLee Branch,3 D. Channe Gowda,4 Carole Long,5 and Rose F. G. Leke6

Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.,1 Department of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania,4 AZ Data Clinic, Inc.,2 Malaria Vaccine Development Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland,5 Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon6

Received 3 October 2003/ Returned for modification 10 November 2003/ Accepted 18 November 2003

Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes often sequester in the placenta of pregnant women, producing placental malaria, a condition that can compromise the health of the developing fetus. Scientists are hopeful that a vaccine can be developed to prevent this condition. Immunological mechanisms responsible for eliminating parasites from the placenta remain unclear, but antibodies to the carboxyl-terminal 19-kDa segment of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1-19), the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA), and an erythrocyte-surface ligand that binds chondroitin sulfate A (CSA-L) have been implicated. In addition, antibodies to sporozoite and liver-stage antigens could reduce initial parasite burdens. This study sought to determine if antibodies to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA1), RESA, MSP1-19, or CSA-L correlated with either the absence of placental parasites or low placental parasitemias. Using a frequency-matched case-control study design, we compared antibody levels in women (gravidity 1 to 11) with and without placental malaria. Results showed that women who were antibody negative for MSP1-19 were at a higher risk of having placental malaria than women with antibodies (P < 0.007). Furthermore, an association between high levels of antibodies that blocked the binding of infected erythrocytes to CSA and low placental parasitemias was observed (P = 0.02). On the other hand, women with high antibody levels at term to CSP, LSA1, and RESA were more likely to have placental malaria than antibody-negative women. Since antibodies to MSP1-19 and CSA-L were associated with reduced placental malaria, both antigens show promise for inclusion in a vaccine for women of child-bearing age.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, Reiss Science Center, Room 406, Georgetown University, 37th and O Sts., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20057. Phone: (202) 687-5972. Fax: (202) 687-5662. E-mail: taylordw{at}georgetown.edu.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, March 2004, p. 1603-1607, Vol. 72, No. 3
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1603-1607.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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