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Infection and Immunity, April 2004, p. 1929-1938, Vol. 72, No. 4
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1929-1938.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Immunoglobulin-Mediated Agglutination of and Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli K-12 Require the Type 1 Pilus Fiber

Paul E. Orndorff,1 Aditya Devapali,2 Sarah Palestrant,2 Aaron Wyse,2 Mary Lou Everett,2 R. Randal Bollinger,2,3 and William Parker2*

Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606,1 Departments of Surgery,2 Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 277103

Received 14 August 2003/ Returned for modification 7 November 2003/ Accepted 27 December 2003

The binding of human secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the primary immunoglobulin in the gut, to Escherichia coli is thought to be dependent on type 1 pili. Type 1 pili are filamentous bacterial surface attachment organelles comprised principally of a single protein, the product of the fimA gene. A minor component of the pilus fiber (the product of the fimH gene, termed the adhesin) mediates attachment to a variety of host cell molecules in a mannose inhibitable interaction that has been extensively described. We found that the aggregation of E. coli K-12 by human secretory IgA (SIgA) was dependent on the presence of the pilus fiber, even in the absence of the mannose specific adhesin or in the presence of 25 mM {alpha}-CH3Man. The presence of pilus without adhesin also facilitated SIgA-mediated biofilm formation on polystyrene, although biofilm formation was stronger in the presence of the adhesin. IgM also mediated aggregation and biofilm formation in a manner dependent on pili with or without adhesin. These findings indicate that the pilus fiber, even in the absence of the adhesin, may play a role in biologically important processes. Under conditions in which E. coli was agglutinated by SIgA, the binding of SIgA to E. coli was not increased by the presence of the pili, with or without adhesin. This observation suggests that the pili, with or without adhesin, affect factors such as cell surface rigidity or electrostatic repulsion, which can affect agglutination but which do not necessarily determine the level of bound immunoglobulin.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Duke University Medical Center, Box 2605, Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710. Phone: (919) 681-3886. Fax: (919) 681-7263. E-mail: bparker{at}duke.edu.

Editor: V. J. DiRita

Infection and Immunity, April 2004, p. 1929-1938, Vol. 72, No. 4
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1929-1938.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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