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Infection and Immunity, August 2004, p. 4801-4809, Vol. 72, No. 8
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4801-4809.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Murine Model of Pulmonary Anthrax: Kinetics of Dissemination, Histopathology, and Mouse Strain Susceptibility

C. Rick Lyons,1* Julie Lovchik,1 Julie Hutt,2 Mary F. Lipscomb,1 Eugenia Wang,3 Sara Heninger,1 Lucy Berliba,1 and Kristin Garrison1

Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center,1 Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico,2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky3

Received 5 March 2004/ Returned for modification 30 March 2004/ Accepted 7 May 2004

Bioweapons are most often designed for delivery to the lung, although this route is not the usual portal of entry for many of the pathogens in the natural environment. Vaccines and therapeutics that are efficacious for natural routes of infection may not be effective against the pulmonary route. Pulmonary models are needed to investigate the importance of specific bacterial genes in virulence, to identify components of the host immune system that are important in providing innate and acquired protection, and for testing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This report describes the characteristics of host and Bacillus anthracis interactions in a murine pulmonary-infection model. The infective dose varied depending on the route and method of inoculation. The germination process in the lung began within 1 h of inoculation into the lung, although growth within the lung was limited. B. anthracis was found in the lung-associated lymph nodes ~5 h after infection. Minimal pneumonitis was associated with the lung infection, but significant systemic pathology was noted after dissemination. Infected mice typically succumbed to infection ~3 to 4 days after inoculation. The 50% lethal doses differed among inbred strains of mice, but within a given mouse strain, neither the age nor the sex of the mice influenced susceptibility to B. anthracis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Infectious Disease and Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Science Center 1, University of New Mexico, Ms.c.10 5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131. Phone: (505) 272-4450. Fax: (505) 272-9912. E-mail: clyons{at}salud.unm.edu.

Editor: J. D. Clements

Infection and Immunity, August 2004, p. 4801-4809, Vol. 72, No. 8
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4801-4809.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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