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Infection and Immunity, December 2005, p. 8204-8208, Vol. 73, No. 12
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.12.8204-8208.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Giardia lamblia-Induced Changes in Gene Expression in Differentiated Caco-2 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells{dagger}

Katarina Roxström-Lindquist,1 Emma Ringqvist,2 Daniel Palm,1,2 and Staffan Svärd1,2*

Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm,1 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden2

Received 31 May 2005/ Returned for modification 31 July 2005/ Accepted 22 September 2005

The parasitic protozoan Giardia lamblia is a worldwide cause of diarrhea, but the mechanism of disease remains elusive. The parasite colonizes the small intestinal epithelium, known to be a sensor for the presence of enteric pathogens, without invading or causing severe inflammation. In this study we investigated the epithelial cell response to G. lamblia. Differentiated Caco-2 cells were infected with G. lamblia isolate WB-A11, and the transcriptome of the intestinal cells was analyzed after 1.5, 6, and 18 h of interaction, using oligonucleotide microarrays. A large number of genes displayed changed expression patterns, showing the complexity of the interaction between G. lamblia and intestinal cells. A novel chemokine profile (CCL2, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3) was induced that was different from the response induced by enteric pathogens causing intestinal inflammation. Several genes involved in stress regulation changed their expression. These findings indicate that the intestinal epithelium senses the G. lamblia infection, and this is important for induction of innate and adaptive immunity. The induced stress response can be important in the pathogenesis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden. Phone: 46184714558. Fax: 4618530396. E-mail: staffan.svard{at}icm.uu.se.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://iai.asm.org.

Editor: J. F. Urban, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, December 2005, p. 8204-8208, Vol. 73, No. 12
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.12.8204-8208.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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