This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow An erratum has been published
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Zhou, Q.
Right arrow Articles by Amar, S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Zhou, Q.
Right arrow Articles by Amar, S.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
*Gene*GEO Profiles
*HomoloGene*UniGene
*Compound via MeSH
*Substance via MeSH

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, February 2005, p. 935-943, Vol. 73, No. 2
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.2.935-943.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cytokine Profiling of Macrophages Exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Its Lipopolysaccharide, or Its FimA Protein

Qingde Zhou, Tesfahun Desta, Matthew Fenton, Dana T. Graves, and Salomon Amar*

Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts

Received 5 August 2004/ Returned for modification 10 September 2004/ Accepted 20 October 2004

To characterize the roles of Porphyromonas gingivalis and its components in the disease processes, we investigated the cytokine profile induced by live P. gingivalis, its lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and its major fimbrial protein, fimbrillin (FimA). Using cytokine antibody arrays, we found that P. gingivalis LPS and FimA induced a similar profile of cytokine expression when exposed to mouse peritoneal macrophages but that this profile differed significantly in response to live P. gingivalis. In vitro, mouse peritoneal macrophages were stimulated to produce interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and lymphotactin by live P. gingivalis, but not by P. gingivalis LPS or FimA, while RANTES, gamma interferon, IL-17, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor were induced by P. gingivalis LPS or FimA, but not by live P. gingivalis. In vivo, IL-6 mRNA was strongly induced only by live P. gingivalis while monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mRNA was strongly induced only by P. gingivalis LPS and FimA in mouse calvarial scalp, further confirming the differences of cytokine profile induced in vitro. Cytokine antibody arrays using toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)- and TLR4-deficient macrophages revealed that most of the cytokines induced by P. gingivalis LPS or FimA signal through TLR2, while most of cytokines induced by live P. gingivalis signal through both TLR2 and TLR4. Interestingly, the activation of TLR2 by live P. gingivalis inhibited the release of RANTES, VCAM-1, and IL-1{alpha} from mouse peritoneal macrophages. A tumor necrosis factor alpha enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay further confirmed that P. gingivalis LPS and FimA activate mouse peritoneal macrophages via TLR2. These results indicate that host immune cells sense live P. gingivalis and its components differently, which translates into the expression of different inflammatory cytokine profiles.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, 700 Albany St., W-201E, Boston, MA 02118. Phone: (617) 638-4983. Fax: (617) 638-8549. E-mail: samar{at}bu.edu.

Editor: D. L. Burns

Infection and Immunity, February 2005, p. 935-943, Vol. 73, No. 2
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.2.935-943.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Kocgozlu, L., Elkaim, R., Tenenbaum, H., Werner, S. (2009). Variable Cell Responses to P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide. JDR 88: 741-745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhou, Q., Leeman, S. E., Amar, S. (2009). Signaling mechanisms involved in altered function of macrophages from diet-induced obese mice affect immune responses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 10740-10745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hajishengallis, G., Wang, M., Liang, S. (2009). Induction of Distinct TLR2-Mediated Proinflammatory and Proadhesive Signaling Pathways in Response to Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbriae. J. Immunol. 182: 6690-6696 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nares, S., Moutsopoulos, N. M., Angelov, N., Rangel, Z. G., Munson, P. J., Sinha, N., Wahl, S. M. (2009). Rapid Myeloid Cell Transcriptional and Proteomic Responses to Periodontopathogenic Porphyromonas gingivalis. Am. J. Pathol. 174: 1400-1414 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huang, M. T.-H., Taxman, D. J., Holley-Guthrie, E. A., Moore, C. B., Willingham, S. B., Madden, V., Parsons, R. K., Featherstone, G. L., Arnold, R. R., O'Connor, B. P., Ting, J. P.-Y. (2009). Critical Role of Apoptotic Speck Protein Containing a Caspase Recruitment Domain (ASC) and NLRP3 in Causing Necrosis and ASC Speck Formation Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in Human Cells. J. Immunol. 182: 2395-2404 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Amar, S., Wu, S.-c., Madan, M. (2009). Is Porphyromonas gingivalis Cell Invasion Required for Atherogenesis? Pharmacotherapeutic Implications. J. Immunol. 182: 1584-1592 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hajishengallis, G., Wang, M., Liang, S., Triantafilou, M., Triantafilou, K. (2008). Pathogen induction of CXCR4/TLR2 cross-talk impairs host defense function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 13532-13537 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lowry, M. H., McAllister, B. P., Jean, J.-C., Brown, L. A. S., Hughey, R. P., Cruikshank, W. W., Amar, S., Lucey, E. C., Braun, K., Johnson, P., Wight, T. N., Joyce-Brady, M. (2008). Lung Lining Fluid Glutathione Attenuates IL-13-Induced Asthma. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio. 38: 509-516 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ukai, T., Yumoto, H., Gibson, F. C. III, Genco, C. A. (2008). Macrophage-Elicited Osteoclastogenesis in Response to Bacterial Stimulation Requires Toll-Like Receptor 2-Dependent Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Production. Infect. Immun. 76: 812-819 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Amar, S., Zhou, Q., Shaik-Dasthagirisaheb, Y., Leeman, S. (2007). From the Cover: Diet-induced obesity in mice causes changes in immune responses and bone loss manifested by bacterial challenge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 20466-20471 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhou, Q., Amar, S. (2007). Identification of Signaling Pathways in Macrophage Exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis or to Its Purified Cell Wall Components. J. Immunol. 179: 7777-7790 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, C.H., Amar, S. (2007). Inhibition of SFRP1 Reduces Severity of Periodontitis. JDR 86: 873-877 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mahanonda, R., Sa-Ard-Iam, N., Montreekachon, P., Pimkhaokham, A., Yongvanichit, K., Fukuda, M. M., Pichyangkul, S. (2007). IL-8 and IDO Expression by Human Gingival Fibroblasts via TLRs. J. Immunol. 178: 1151-1157 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • d'Empaire, G., Baer, M. T., Gibson, F. C. III (2006). The K1 Serotype Capsular Polysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis Elicits Chemokine Production from Murine Macrophages That Facilitates Cell Migration. Infect. Immun. 74: 6236-6243 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Carayol, N., Chen, J., Yang, F., Jin, T., Jin, L., States, D., Wang, C.-Y. (2006). A Dominant Function of IKK/NF-{kappa}B Signaling in Global Lipopolysaccharide-induced Gene Expression. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 31142-31151 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tang, X., Metzger, D., Leeman, S., Amar, S. (2006). LPS-induced TNF-{alpha} factor (LITAF)-deficient mice express reduced LPS-induced cytokine: Evidence for LITAF-dependent LPS signaling pathways. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 13777-13782 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nemoto, E., Darveau, R.P., Foster, B.L., Nogueira-Filho, G.R., Somerman, M.J. (2006). Regulation of Cementoblast Function by P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide via TLR2. JDR 85: 733-738 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Teng, Y.-T.A. (2006). Protective and Destructive Immunity in the Periodontium: Part 1--Innate and Humoral Immunity and the Periodontium. JDR 85: 198-208 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Teng, Y.-T.A. (2006). Protective and Destructive Immunity in the Periodontium: Part 2--T-cell-mediated Immunity in the Periodontium. JDR 85: 209-219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhou, Q., Amar, S. (2006). Identification of Proteins Differentially Expressed in Human Monocytes Exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Its Purified Components by High-Throughput Immunoblotting. Infect. Immun. 74: 1204-1214 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gibson, F.C. III, Yumoto, H., Takahashi, Y., Chou, H.-H., Genco, C.A. (2006). Innate Immune Signaling and Porphyromonas gingivalis-accelerated Atherosclerosis. JDR 85: 106-121 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hajishengallis, G., Ratti, P., Harokopakis, E. (2005). Peptide Mapping of Bacterial Fimbrial Epitopes Interacting with Pattern Recognition Receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 38902-38913 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Foster, N., Cheetham, J., Taylor, J.J., Preshaw, P.M. (2005). VIP Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced Immune Responses in Human Monocytes. JDR 84: 999-1004 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»