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Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 239-247, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.239-247.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of a New Spore Wall Protein from Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Yanji Xu,¹ Peter Takvorian,^1,2 Ann Cali,² Fang Wang,¹ Hong Zhang,¹ George Orr,³ and Louis M. Weiss^1,4*

Departments of Pathology,¹ Molecular Pharmacology,³ Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461,⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102²

Received 16 August 2005/ Returned for modification 24 September 2005/ Accepted 3 October 2005

Microsporidia form environmentally resistant spores that are critical for their host-to-host transmission and persistence in the environment. The spore walls of these organisms are composed of two layers, the exospore and the endospore. Two spore wall proteins (SWP1 and SWP2) have been previously identified in members of the Encephalitozoonidae family. These proteins localize to the exospore. The endospore is known to contain chitin, and a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored chitin deacetylase has been localized to the plasmalemma-endospore interface. Using proteomic techniques, we have identified a new spore wall protein (SWP3) that is located in the endospore. The gene for this protein is located on chromosome 1 and corresponds to the open reading frame ECU01_1270. SWP3 is predicted to have a signal peptide and to be GPI anchored. Consistent with these modifications, two-dimensional electrophoresis demonstrated that SWP3 has an acidic pI and a molecular mass of <20 kDa. By immunoelectron microscopy, this protein was found on the cell surface during sporogony and in the endospore in mature spores. SWP3 has several potential O-glycosylation sites, and it is possible that it is a mannosylated protein like the major polar tube protein (PTP1).

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Room 504 Forchheimer Building, Bronx, NY 10461. Phone: (718) 430-2142. Fax: (718) 430-8543. E-mail: lmweiss{at}aecom.yu.edu.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

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Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 239-247, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.239-247.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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