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Infection and Immunity, February 2006, p. 1097-1105, Vol. 74, No. 2
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.2.1097-1105.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of Novel T-Cell Subsets following Bacterial Infection in the Absence of V1⁺ T Cells: Homeostatic Control of T-Cell Responses to Pathogen Infection by V1⁺ T Cells

Darren J. Newton, Elizabeth M. Andrew, Jane E. Dalton, Rainy Mears, and Simon R. Carding^*

Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Received 19 August 2005/ Returned for modification 13 October 2005/ Accepted 18 November 2005

Although T cells are a common feature of many pathogen-induced immune responses, the factors that influence, promote, or regulate the response of individual T-cell subsets to infection is unknown. Here we show that in the absence of V1⁺ T cells, novel subsets of T cells, expressing T-cell receptor (TCR)-V chains that normally define TCR⁺ dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) (V5⁺), intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs) (V7⁺), and lymphocytes associated with the vaginal epithelia (V6⁺), are recruited to the spleen in response to bacterial infection in TCR-V1^–/– mice. By comparison of phenotype and structure of TCR-V chains and/or -V chains expressed by these novel subsets with those of their epithelium-associated counterparts, the V6⁺ T cells elicited in infected V1^–/– mice were shown to be identical to those found in the reproductive tract, from where they are presumably recruited in the absence of V1⁺ T cells. By contrast, V5⁺ and V7⁺ T cells found in infected V1^–/– mice were distinct from V5⁺ DETCs and V7⁺ iIELs. Functional analyses of the novel T-cell subsets identified for infected V1^–/– mice showed that whereas the V5⁺ and V7⁺ subsets may compensate for the absence of V1⁺ T cells by producing similar cytokines, they do not possess cytocidal activity and they cannot replace the macrophage homeostasis function of V1⁺ T cells. Collectively, these findings identify novel subsets of T cells, the recruitment and activity of which is under the control of V1⁺ T cells.

Editor: J. D. Clements

Authors contributed equally to this study.

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