This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Lee, C. W.
Right arrow Articles by Denkers, E. Y.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Lee, C. W.
Right arrow Articles by Denkers, E. Y.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, March 2006, p. 1916-1923, Vol. 74, No. 3
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.3.1916-1923.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Screening for Toxoplasma gondii-Regulated Transcriptional Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Macrophages

Chiang W. Lee, Soumaya Bennouna, and Eric Y. Denkers*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401

Received 29 June 2005/ Returned for modification 22 August 2005/ Accepted 11 December 2005

Toxoplasma gondii-infected macrophages are blocked in production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-{alpha}) upon activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, we used pathway-focused cDNA arrays to identify additional T. gondii-regulated transcriptional responses. Parasite infection decreased 57 (inclusive of IL-12 and TNF-{alpha}) and increased expression of 7 of 77 LPS-activated cytokine and cytokine-related genes. Interestingly, we found that the LPS-induced transcriptional response of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was synergistically increased by T. gondii, results that we validated by conventional reverse transcription-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Importantly, although the parasite exerted disparate effects in LPS-signaling leading to TNF-{alpha} versus IL-10 production, both responses required functional Toll-like receptor 4. We suggest that these effects represent parasite defense mechanisms to avoid or delay induction of antimicrobial activity and/or T-cell-mediated immunity during Toxoplasma infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401. Phone: (607) 253-4022. Fax: (607) 253-3384. E-mail: eyd1{at}cornell.edu.

Editor: J. F. Urban, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, March 2006, p. 1916-1923, Vol. 74, No. 3
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.3.1916-1923.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Leng, J., Butcher, B. A., Egan, C. E., Abi Abdallah, D. S., Denkers, E. Y. (2009). Toxoplasma gondii Prevents Chromatin Remodeling Initiated by TLR-Triggered Macrophage Activation. J. Immunol. 182: 489-497 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lee, C. W., Sukhumavasi, W., Denkers, E. Y. (2007). Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase-Dependent, MyD88-Independent Induction of CC-Type Chemokines Characterizes the Macrophage Response to Toxoplasma gondii Strains with High Virulence. Infect. Immun. 75: 5788-5797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fouts, A. E., Boothroyd, J. C. (2007). Infection with Toxoplasma gondii Bradyzoites Has a Diminished Impact on Host Transcript Levels Relative to Tachyzoite Infection. Infect. Immun. 75: 634-642 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»