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Infection and Immunity, April 2006, p. 2449-2452, Vol. 74, No. 4
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.4.2449-2452.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Boosting of Cellular Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Modulation of Skin Cytokine Responses in Healthy Human Volunteers by Mycobacterium bovis BCG Substrain Moreau Rio de Janeiro Oral Vaccine

Catherine A. Cosgrove,1 Luiz R. R. Castello-Branco,2 Tracy Hussell,3 Amy Sexton,1 Rafaela Giemza,1 Richard Phillips,1 Andrew Williams,3 George E. Griffin,1 Gordon Dougan,4 and David J. M. Lewis1*

St George's Vaccine Institute, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom,1 Fundação Ataulpho de Paiva/IOC-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,2 Center for Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom,3 Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom4

Received 30 August 2005/ Returned for modification 13 November 2005/ Accepted 23 January 2006

Oral immunization of healthy adults with 107 CFU BCG Moreau Rio de Janeiro was well tolerated and significantly boosted gamma interferon responses to purified protein derivative, Ag85, and MPB70 from previous childhood intradermal BCG immunization. Oral BCG offers the possibility of a needle-free tuberculosis vaccine and of boosting the protective immunity from intradermal tuberculosis vaccines.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: CMM (Infectious Diseases), St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 208 7255826. Fax: 44 208 7253487. E-mail: d.lewis{at}sghms.ac.uk.

Editor: J. L. Flynn

Infection and Immunity, April 2006, p. 2449-2452, Vol. 74, No. 4
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.4.2449-2452.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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