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Infection and Immunity, September 2006, p. 5391-5396, Vol. 74, No. 9
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00848-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging of the Murine Pathogen Citrobacter rodentium

Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,¹ Division of Infection, Inflammation and Repair, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom,² Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom³

Received 26 May 2006/ Returned for modification 20 June 2006/ Accepted 26 June 2006

Citrobacter rodentium is a natural mouse pathogen related to enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. We have previously utilized bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to determine the in vivo colonization dynamics of C. rodentium. However, due to the oxygen requirement of the bioluminescence system and the colonic localization of C. rodentium, in vivo localization studies were performed using harvested organs. Here, we report the detection of bioluminescent C. rodentium and commensal E. coli during colonization of the gastrointestinal tract in intact living animals. Bioluminescence was dependent on intact blood circulation, suggesting that the colonic environment is not anaerobic but nanaerobic. In addition, BLI revealed that C. rodentium colonizes the rectum, a site previously unreported for this pathogen.

Editor: J. T. Barbieri

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