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Infection and Immunity, January 2007, p. 122-126, Vol. 75, No. 1
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01190-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Temporal Quorum-Sensing Induction Regulates Vibrio cholerae Biofilm Architecture{triangledown}

Zhi Liu, Fiona R. Stirling, and Jun Zhu*

Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Received 28 July 2006/ Returned for modification 8 September 2006/ Accepted 22 October 2006

Vibrio cholerae, the pathogen that causes cholera, also survives in aqueous reservoirs, probably in the form of biofilms. Quorum sensing negatively regulates V. cholerae biofilm formation through HapR, whose expression is induced at a high cell density. In this study, we show that the concentration of the quorum-sensing signal molecule CAI-1 is higher in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. By measuring hapR expression and activity, we found that the induction of quorum sensing in biofilm-associated cells occurs earlier. We further demonstrate that the timing of hapR expression is crucial for biofilm thickness, biofilm detachment rates, and intestinal colonization efficiency. These results suggest that V. cholerae is able to regulate its biofilm architecture by temporal induction of quorum-sensing systems.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 573-4104. Fax: (215) 898-9557. E-mail: junzhu{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 30 October 2006.

Editor: A. Camilli

Infection and Immunity, January 2007, p. 122-126, Vol. 75, No. 1
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01190-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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