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Infection and Immunity, August 2008, p. 3771-3776, Vol. 76, No. 8
0019-9567/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00052-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Oral Vaccination of Guinea Pigs with a Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine in a Lipid Matrix Protects against Aerosol Infection with Virulent M. bovis{triangledown}

Simon Clark,1 Martin L. Cross,3 Allan Nadian,2 Julia Vipond,1 Pinar Court,2 Ann Williams,1 R. Glyn Hewinson,2 Frank E. Aldwell,3 and Mark A. Chambers2*

Health Protection Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG,1 TB Research Group, Department of Statutory and Exotic Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary Laboratories Agency Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom,2 Centre for Innovation, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand3

Received 15 January 2008/ Returned for modification 23 February 2008/ Accepted 22 May 2008

Increased incidence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in the United Kingdom caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis is a cause of considerable economic loss to farmers and the government. The Eurasian badger (Meles meles) represents a wildlife source of recurrent M. bovis infections of cattle in the United Kingdom, and its vaccination against TB with M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attractive disease control option. Delivery of BCG in oral bait holds the best prospect for vaccinating badgers over a wide geographical area. Using a guinea pig pulmonary challenge model, we evaluated the protective efficacy of candidate badger oral vaccines, based on broth-grown or ball-milled BCG, delivered either as aqueous suspensions or formulated in two lipids with differing fatty acid profiles (one being animal derived and the other being vegetable derived). Protection was determined in terms of increasing body weight after aerosol challenge with virulent M. bovis, reduced dissemination of M. bovis to the spleen, and, in the case of one oral formulation, restricted growth of M. bovis in the lungs. Only oral BCG formulated in lipid gave significant protection. These data point to the potential of the BCG-lipid formulation for further development as a tool for controlling tuberculosis in badgers.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: TB Research Group, Department of Statutory and Exotic Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary Laboratories Agency Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 1932 357494. Fax: 44 1932 357260. E-mail: m.a.chambers{at}vla.defra.gsi.gov.uk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 2 June 2008.

Editor: J. L. Flynn

Infection and Immunity, August 2008, p. 3771-3776, Vol. 76, No. 8
0019-9567/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00052-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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