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Infection and Immunity, October 2009, p. 4496-4501, Vol. 77, No. 10
0019-9567/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00310-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Is Involved in Defense against Neospora caninum in Human and Bovine Cells {triangledown}

Katrin Spekker,1,{dagger} Markus Czesla,1,{dagger} Vanessa Ince,1 Kathrin Heseler,1 Silvia K. Schmidt,1 Gereon Schares,2 and Walter Däubener1*

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany,1 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany2

Received 18 March 2009/ Returned for modification 27 April 2009/ Accepted 9 July 2009

Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite closely related to Toxoplasma gondii. In nature this parasite is found especially in dogs and cattle, but it may also infect other livestock. The growth of N. caninum, which is an obligate intracellular parasite, is controlled mainly by the cell-mediated immune response. During infection the cytokine gamma interferon (IFN-{gamma}) plays a prominent role in regulating the growth of N. caninum in natural and experimental disease. The present study showed that induction of the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is responsible for the inhibition of parasite growth that is mediated by IFN-{gamma}-activated bovine fibroblasts and endothelial cells. This antiparasite effect could be abrogated by addition of tryptophan, as well as by the IDO-specific inhibitor 1-L-methyltryptophan. In conclusion, our data show that human and bovine cells use the same effector mechanism to control the growth of N. caninum.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Universitätsstraße 1 Geb. 22.21, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Phone: 49 (0) 211-81-12464. Fax: 49 (0) 211-81-15906. E-mail: daeubene{at}uni-duesseldorf.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 20 July 2009.

Editor: J. F. Urban, Jr.

{dagger} K.S. and M.C. contributed equally to this work.

Infection and Immunity, October 2009, p. 4496-4501, Vol. 77, No. 10
0019-9567/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00310-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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