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Infection and Immunity, February 2009, p. 877-884, Vol. 77, No. 2
0019-9567/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01017-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Brucella abortus S19 {Delta}vjbR Live Vaccine Candidate Is Safer than S19 and Confers Protection against Wild-Type Challenge in BALB/c Mice When Delivered in a Sustained-Release Vehicle{triangledown}

A. M. Arenas-Gamboa,1* T. A. Ficht,1 M. M. Kahl-McDonagh,1 G. Gomez,1 and A. C. Rice-Ficht1,2

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas,1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas2

Received 14 August 2008/ Returned for modification 5 September 2008/ Accepted 21 November 2008

Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Despite the availability of live vaccine strains for bovine (S19, RB51) and small ruminants (Rev-1), these vaccines have several drawbacks, including residual virulence for animals and humans. Safe and efficacious immunization systems are therefore needed to overcome these disadvantages. A vjbR knockout was generated in the S19 vaccine and investigated for its potential use as an improved vaccine candidate. Vaccination with a sustained-release vehicle to enhance vaccination efficacy was evaluated utilizing the live S19 {Delta}vjbR::Kan in encapsulated alginate microspheres containing a nonimmunogenic eggshell precursor protein of the parasite Fasciola hepatica (vitelline protein B). BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with either encapsulated or nonencapsulated S19 {Delta}vjbR::Kan at a dose of 1 x 105 CFU per animal to evaluate immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy. Humoral responses postvaccination indicate that the vaccine candidate was able to elicit an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response even when the vaccine was administered in an encapsulated format. The safety was revealed by the absence of splenomegaly in mice that were inoculated with the mutant. Finally, a single dose with the encapsulated mutant conferred higher levels of protection compared to the nonencapsulated vaccine. These results suggest that S19 {Delta}vjbR::Kan is safer than S19, induces protection in mice, and should be considered as a vaccine candidate when administered in a sustained-release manner.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Texas A&M University, Veterinary Pathobiology, College Station, TX 77845-1114. Phone: (979) 845-3466. Fax: (979) 862-7472. E-mail: aarenas{at}cvm.tamu.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 1 December 2008.

Editor: A. J. Bäumler

Infection and Immunity, February 2009, p. 877-884, Vol. 77, No. 2
0019-9567/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01017-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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