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Infect Immun. 1973 December; 8(6): 931-937
Copyright © 1973 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Local Antibody Response to Experimental Poliovirus Infection in the Central Nervous System of Rhesus Monkeys

¹ Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, Medicine, and Animal Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214

ABSTRACT

By employing the techniques of immunofluorescence and radioimmunodiffusion using ³²P-labeled poliovirus as the antigen, the immunoglobulin response to poliovirus in serum, nasopharynx, spinal fluid, and in different segments of the central nervous system (CNS) was studied after intramuscular, oral, intranasal, and intrathalamic administration of inactivated (Salk), live attenuated (Sabin), or live virulent (Mahoney) type I poliovirus. Spinal fluid G antibody was detected after immunization with Sabin or Mahoney virus and intramuscular administration of Salk vaccine. The response in the CNS was characterized by the appearance of G antibody after oral or intrathalamic administration of Mahoney virus and rarely after intrathalamic inoculation of Sabin vaccine. The antibody activity in CNS was limited to the areas of poliovirus replication. Intrathalamic immunization with Mahoney virus resulted in local G antibody production in the CNS in the absence of any detectable response in serum. Discrete foci of G-containing cells were observed in those areas of CNS which contained poliovirus antibody. No immunoglobulin-containing cells or poliovirus antibody was seen in the CNS of monkeys immunized with intramuscularly or orally administered Sabin or Salk vaccine and in sham-immunized control monkeys. It is suggested that the CNS, when stimulated locally with a potent replicating viral antigen, may manifest a specific local antibody response, which is independent of the response in serum.