This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Weinstein, D. L. Articles by Metcalf, E. S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Weinstein, D. L. Articles by Metcalf, E. S.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infect. Immun., Feb 1997, 395-404, Vol 65, No. 2
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

Salmonella typhi stimulation of human intestinal epithelial cells induces secretion of epithelial cell-derived interleukin-6

DL Weinstein, BL O'Neill and ES Metcalf
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that has been shown to be associated with both systemic and tissue-specific responses within the host. Moreover, IL-6 is produced by both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells and has been identified as a growth-inducing, growth- inhibiting, and differentiation-inducing factor for these cells. Recent studies of uropathogenic and upper respiratory pathogens have suggested that epithelial cell-derived IL-6 plays a role in mucosal host-parasite interactions. Since many mucosal enteric pathogens enter the host through the epithelial cells of the distal small intestine, a role for intestinal epithelial cell-derived IL-6 in the initial interaction between bacteria and host might also be predicted. However, no studies to date have determined whether the interaction of any bacteria with the epithelial cells that line the small intestine of the host can induce IL-6. To address this issue, we have established an in vitro model to evaluate the capacity of the gram-negative bacterium Salmonella typhi to induce IL-6 in the small intestine epithelial cell line Int407 and in other intestinal epithelial cell lines. The results demonstrate that both wild-type and live, attenuated S. typhi vaccine strains induce small and large intestine epithelial cells to secrete IL- 6, and kinetic analysis suggests that IL-6 may be one of the earliest responses following adherence and invasion of enteric organisms. Thus, these studies suggest a physiologic role for epithelial cell-derived IL- 6 in the initial interactions between host and bacterium in the small intestine.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Vinderola, G., Matar, C., Perdigon, G. (2005). Role of Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Immune Effects Mediated by Gram-Positive Probiotic Bacteria: Involvement of Toll-Like Receptors. CVI 12: 1075-1084 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, L., Walia, B., Evans, J., Gewirtz, A. T., Merlin, D., Sitaraman, S. V. (2003). IL-6 Induces NF-{kappa}B Activation in the Intestinal Epithelia. J. Immunol. 171: 3194-3201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ohtsuka, Y, Lee, J, Stamm, D S, Sanderson, I R (2001). MIP-2 secreted by epithelial cells increases neutrophil and lymphocyte recruitment in the mouse intestine. Gut 49: 526-533 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ikeda, J. S., Schmitt, C. K., Darnell, S. C., Watson, P. R., Bispham, J., Wallis, T. S., Weinstein, D. L., Metcalf, E. S., Adams, P., O'Connor, C. D., O'Brien, A. D. (2001). Flagellar Phase Variation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Contributes to Virulence in the Murine Typhoid Infection Model but Does Not Influence Salmonella-Induced Enteropathogenesis. Infect. Immun. 69: 3021-3030 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adams, J. K., Tepperman, B. L. (2001). Colonic production and expression of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 in neonatal suckling rats after LPS challenge. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 280: G755-G762 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hardin, J, Kroeker, K, Chung, B, Gall, D G (2000). Effect of proinflammatory interleukins on jejunal nutrient transport. Gut 47: 184-191 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Daig, R, Rogler, G, Aschenbrenner, E, Vogl, D, Falk, W, Gross, V, Scholmerich, J, Andus, T (2000). Human intestinal epithelial cells secrete interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and interleukin-8 but not interleukin-1 or interleukin-6. Gut 46: 350-358 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sangari, F. J., Petrofsky, M., Bermudez, L. E. (1999). Mycobacterium avium Infection of Epithelial Cells Results in Inhibition or Delay in the Release of Interleukin-8 and RANTES. Infect. Immun. 67: 5069-5075 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yumoto, H., Nakae, H., Fujinaka, K., Ebisu, S., Matsuo, T. (1999). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 Are Induced in Human Oral Epithelial Cells in Response to Exposure to Periodontopathic Eikenella corrodens. Infect. Immun. 67: 384-394 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weinstein, D. L., O'Neill, B. L., Hone, D. M., Metcalf, E. S. (1998). Differential Early Interactions between Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi and Two Other Pathogenic Salmonella Serovars with Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 66: 2310-2318 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Leclerc, G. J., Tartera, C., Metcalf, E. S. (1998). Environmental Regulation of Salmonella typhi Invasion-Defective Mutants. Infect. Immun. 66: 682-691 [Abstract] [Full Text]