This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Aragon, V. Articles by Dreyfus, L. A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Aragon, V. Articles by Dreyfus, L. A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infect. Immun., Sep 1997, 3774-3780, Vol 65, No. 9
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

Effect of cytolethal distending toxin on F-actin assembly and cell division in Chinese hamster ovary cells

V Aragon, K Chao and LA Dreyfus
Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 64110, USA.

Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a newly described toxin produced by a number of enteropathogens, including Campylobacter jejuni, various Escherichia coli strains, and a few Shigella species. CDT induces distension and eventual death of a number of transformed cell lines. Here, we extend previous studies by demonstrating that morphological changes in CDT-treated Chinese hamster ovary cells are coincident with changes in cytoskeletal structure and an inhibition of cell proliferation. CDT-treated cells underwent a progressive accumulation of F-actin assemblies which microscopically resembled actin stress fibers. Accumulation of the stress fiber-like structures in CDT-treated cells was accompanied by an apparent blockage of cell division. Multinucleation was detected in some cells but did not constitute a significant feature of CDT action. Although toxin-treated cells failed to divide, cell viability remained high for the first 4 days following toxin treatment, as evidenced by trypan blue exclusion and neutral red uptake. [3H]thymidine incorporation studies on CDT-treated cells were consistent with a blockage of cell proliferation without a direct inhibition of DNA synthesis. Although the progression of toxin action developed slowly, a 2-min exposure to CDT resulted in an irreversible development of toxicity. Together, our data indicate that CDT affects F- actin assembly within target cells and may interrupt the regulation or function of cell cycle-dependent events leading to cytokinesis.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Talukder, K. A., Aslam, M., Islam, Z., Azmi, I. J., Dutta, D. K., Hossain, S., Nur-E-Kamal, A., Nair, G. B., Cravioto, A., Sack, D. A., Endtz, H. P. (2008). Prevalence of Virulence Genes and Cytolethal Distending Toxin Production in Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Diarrheal Patients in Bangladesh. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 1485-1488 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hontz, J. S., Villar-Lecumberri, M. T., Potter, B. M., Yoder, M. D., Dreyfus, L. A., Laity, J. H. (2006). Differences in Crystal and Solution Structures of the Cytolethal Distending Toxin B Subunit: RELEVANCE TO NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION AND FUNCTIONAL ACTIVATION. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 25365-25372 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Heywood, W., Henderson, B., Nair, S. P (2005). Cytolethal distending toxin: creating a gap in the cell cycle. J Med Microbiol 54: 207-216 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dassanayake, R. P., Zhou, Y., Hinkley, S., Stryker, C. J., Plauche, G., Borda, J. T., Sestak, K., Duhamel, G. E. (2005). Characterization of Cytolethal Distending Toxin of Campylobacter Species Isolated from Captive Macaque Monkeys. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 641-649 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bielaszewska, M., Sinha, B., Kuczius, T., Karch, H. (2005). Cytolethal Distending Toxin from Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Causes Irreversible G2/M Arrest, Inhibition of Proliferation, and Death of Human Endothelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 73: 552-562 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Deng, K., Hansen, E. J. (2003). A CdtA-CdtC Complex Can Block Killing of HeLa Cells by Haemophilus ducreyi Cytolethal Distending Toxin. Infect. Immun. 71: 6633-6640 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pandey, M., Khan, A., Das, S. C., Sarkar, B., Kahali, S., Chakraborty, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Yamasaki, S., Takeda, Y., Nair, G. B., Ramamurthy, T. (2003). Association of Cytolethal Distending Toxin Locus cdtB with Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Acute Diarrhea in Calcutta, India. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 5277-5281 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Toth, I., Herault, F., Beutin, L., Oswald, E. (2003). Production of Cytolethal Distending Toxins by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Human and Animal Sources: Establishment of the Existence of a New cdt Variant (Type IV). J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 4285-4291 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Clark, C. G., Johnson, S. T., Easy, R. H., Campbell, J. L., Rodgers, F. G. (2002). PCR for Detection of cdt-III and the Relative Frequencies of Cytolethal Distending Toxin Variant-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans and Cattle. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 2671-2674 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• BANG, D. D., SCHEUTZ, F., AHRENS, P., PEDERSEN, K., BLOM, J., MADSEN, M. (2001). Prevalence of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes and CDT production in Campylobacter spp. isolated from Danish broilers. J Med Microbiol 50: 1087-1094 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shenker, B. J., Hoffmaster, R. H., Zekavat, A., Yamaguchi, N., Lally, E. T., Demuth, D. R. (2001). Induction of Apoptosis in Human T Cells by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Cytolethal Distending Toxin Is a Consequence of G2 Arrest of the Cell Cycle. J. Immunol. 167: 435-441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Elwell, C., Chao, K., Patel, K., Dreyfus, L. (2001). Escherichia coli CdtB Mediates Cytolethal Distending Toxin Cell Cycle Arrest. Infect. Immun. 69: 3418-3422 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mooney, A., Clyne, M., Curran, T., Doherty, D., Kilmartin, B., Bourke, B. (2001). Campylobacter upsaliensis exerts a cytolethal distending toxin effect on HeLa cells and T lymphocytes. Microbiology 147: 735-743 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hickey, T. E., McVeigh, A. L., Scott, D. A., Michielutti, R. E., Bixby, A., Carroll, S. A., Bourgeois, A. L., Guerry, P. (2000). Campylobacter jejuni Cytolethal Distending Toxin Mediates Release of Interleukin-8 from Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 68: 6535-6541 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• PURDY, D., BUSWELL, C.M., HODGSON, A.E., McALPINE, K., HENDERSON, I., LEACH, S.A. (2000). Characterisation of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) mutants of Campylobacter jejuni. J Med Microbiol 49: 473-479 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Young, V. B., Knox, K. A., Schauer, D. B. (2000). Cytolethal Distending Toxin Sequence and Activity in the Enterohepatic Pathogen Helicobacter hepaticus. Infect. Immun. 68: 184-191 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Barth, H., Klingler, M., Aktories, K., Kinzel, V. (1999). Clostridium botulinum C2 Toxin Delays Entry into Mitosis and Activation of p34cdc2 Kinase and cdc25-C Phosphatase in HeLa cells. Infect. Immun. 67: 5083-5090 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stevens, M. K., Latimer, J. L., Lumbley, S. R., Ward, C. K., Cope, L. D., Lagergard, T., Hansen, E. J. (1999). Characterization of a Haemophilus ducreyi Mutant Deficient in Expression of Cytolethal Distending Toxin. Infect. Immun. 67: 3900-3908 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shenker, B. J., McKay, T., Datar, S., Miller, M., Chowhan, R., Demuth, D. (1999). Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Immunosuppressive Protein Is a Member of the Family of Cytolethal Distending Toxins Capable of Causing a G2 Arrest in Human T Cells. J. Immunol. 162: 4773-4780 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Whitehouse, C. A., Balbo, P. B., Pesci, E. C., Cottle, D. L., Mirabito, P. M., Pickett, C. L. (1998). Campylobacter jejuni Cytolethal Distending Toxin Causes a G2-Phase Cell Cycle Block. Infect. Immun. 66: 1934-1940 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cortes-Bratti, X., Karlsson, C., Lagergard, T., Thelestam, M., Frisan, T. (2001). The Haemophilus ducreyi Cytolethal Distending Toxin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis via the DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 5296-5302 [Abstract] [Full Text]