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Infect. Immun., Sep 1997, 3961-3965, Vol 65, No. 9
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

A nonsubstituted primary hydroxyl group in position 6' of free lipid A is required for binding of lipid A monoclonal antibodies

L Brade, R Engel, WJ Christ and ET Rietschel
Department of Immunochemistry and Biochemical Microbiology, Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Research Center Borstel, Germany.

Lipid A monoclonal antibodies, which require for binding the presence of the bisphosphorylated D-glucosamine disaccharide lipid A backbone, were tested against synthetic lipid A precursor Ia and compound B 1047 by enzyme immunoassay. The last-named compound is a precursor Ia analog with a methoxy instead of a hydroxy group at C6' and was chosen to determine why these antibodies failed to recognize the bound lipid A present in lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Whereas all antibodies tested bound to precursor Ia, none of them bound to compound B 1047 or Escherichia coli Re LPS to a significant extent. Compared to the natural substituent at C6', i.e., 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo), the methoxy group is neither bulky nor charged. Thus, the data suggest that it is not hindrance by Kdo but rather the generation of a neoantigen that endows lipid A with immunoreactivity upon liberation from LPS by acid hydrolysis.

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