This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Leher, H. Articles by Niederkorn, J. Y. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Leher, H. Articles by Niederkorn, J. Y.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infect. Immun., Jan 1998, 5-10, Vol 66, No. 1
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology

Mannose induces the release of cytopathic factors from Acanthamoeba castellanii

H Leher, R Silvany, H Alizadeh, J Huang and JY Niederkorn
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9057, USA.

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the cornea which is highly resistant to many antimicrobial agents. The pathogenic mechanisms of this disease are poorly understood. However, it is believed that the initial phases in the pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba keratitis involve parasite binding and lysis of the corneal epithelium. These processes were examined in vitro, using Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites. Parasites readily adhered to Chinese hamster corneal epithelial cells in vitro; however, parasite binding was strongly inhibited by mannose but not by lactose. Although mannose prevented trophozoite binding, it did not affect cytolysis of corneal epithelial cells. Moreover, mannose treatment induced trophozoites to release cytolytic factors that lysed corneal epithelial cells in vitro. These factors were uniquely induced by mannose because supernatants collected from either untreated trophozoites or trophozoites treated with other sugars failed to lyse corneal cells. The soluble factors were size fractionated in centrifugal concentrators and found to be > or = 100 kDa. Treatment of the supernatants with the serine protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride inhibited most, but not all, of the cytopathic activity. These data suggest that the binding of Acanthamoeba to mannosylated proteins on the corneal epithelium may exacerbate the pathogenic cascade by initiating the release of cytolytic factors.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Saravanan, C., Cao, Z., Kumar, J., Qiu, J., Plaut, A. G., Newburg, D. S., Panjwani, N. (2008). Milk Components Inhibit Acanthamoeba-Induced Cytopathic Effect. IOVS 49: 1010-1015 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alizadeh, H., Neelam, S., Niederkorn, J. Y. (2007). Effect of Immunization with the Mannose-Induced Acanthamoeba Protein and Acanthamoeba Plasminogen Activator in Mitigating Acanthamoeba Keratitis. IOVS 48: 5597-5604 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Clarke, D. W., Alizadeh, H., Niederkorn, J. Y. (2006). Intracorneal Instillation of Latex Beads Induces Macrophage-Dependent Protection against Acanthamoeba Keratitis. IOVS 47: 4917-4925 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Clarke, D. W., Alizadeh, H., Niederkorn, J. Y. (2005). Failure of Acanthamoeba castellanii to Produce Intraocular Infections. IOVS 46: 2472-2478 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alizadeh, H., Neelam, S., Hurt, M., Niederkorn, J. Y. (2005). Role of Contact Lens Wear, Bacterial Flora, and Mannose-Induced Pathogenic Protease in the Pathogenesis of Amoebic Keratitis. Infect. Immun. 73: 1061-1068 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sissons, J., Alsam, S., Jayasekera, S., Kim, K. S., Stins, M., Khan, N. A. (2004). Acanthamoeba induces cell-cycle arrest in host cells. J Med Microbiol 53: 711-717 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Omana-Molina, M., Navarro-Garcia, F., Gonzalez-Robles, A., Serrano-Luna, J. d. J., Campos-Rodriguez, R., Martinez-Palomo, A., Tsutsumi, V., Shibayama, M. (2004). Induction of Morphological and Electrophysiological Changes in Hamster Cornea after In Vitro Interaction with Trophozoites of Acanthamoeba spp.. Infect. Immun. 72: 3245-3251 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hurt, M., Neelam, S., Niederkorn, J., Alizadeh, H. (2003). Pathogenic Acanthamoeba spp. Secrete a Mannose-Induced Cytolytic Protein That Correlates with the Ability To Cause Disease. Infect. Immun. 71: 6243-6255 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hurt, M., Niederkorn, J., Alizadeh, H. (2003). Effects of Mannose on Acanthamoeba castellanii Proliferation and Cytolytic Ability to Corneal Epithelial Cells. IOVS 44: 3424-3431 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marciano-Cabral, F., Cabral, G. (2003). Acanthamoeba spp. as Agents of Disease in Humans. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16: 273-307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mattana, A., Cappai, V., Alberti, L., Serra, C., Fiori, P. L., Cappuccinelli, P. (2002). ADP and Other Metabolites Released from Acanthamoeba castellanii Lead to Human Monocytic Cell Death through Apoptosis and Stimulate the Secretion of Proinflammatory Cytokines. Infect. Immun. 70: 4424-4432 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McClellan, K., Howard, K., Niederkorn, J. Y., Alizadeh, H. (2001). Effect of Steroids on Acanthamoeba Cysts and Trophozoites. IOVS 42: 2885-2893 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hurt, M., Apte, S., Leher, H., Howard, K., Niederkorn, J., Alizadeh, H. (2001). Exacerbation of Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Animals Treated with Anti-Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2 or Antineutrophil Antibodies. Infect. Immun. 69: 2988-2995 [Abstract] [Full Text]