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Infection and Immunity, November 1998, p. 5470-5476, Vol. 66, No. 11
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Oral Immunization with a Salmonella
typhimurium Vaccine Vector Expressing Recombinant
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 Fimbriae Elicits
Elevated Antibody Titers for Protective Immunity
Miguel A.
Ascón,1
David M.
Hone,2
Nancy
Walters,1 and
David W.
Pascual1,*
Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State
University, Bozeman, Montana 59717,1 and
Institute of Human Virology, Medical Biotechnology Center,
University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
212012
Received 7 April 1998/Returned for modification 11 June
1998/Accepted 20 August 1998
Bovine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
continues to cause mortality in piglets and newborn calves. In an
effort to develop a safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of
F5+ ETEC infections, a balanced lethal
asd+ plasmid carrying the complete K99 operon
was constructed and designated pMAK99-asd+.
Introduction of this plasmid into an attenuated Salmonella
typhimurium
aro
asd strain, H683, resulted in strain AP112,
which stably expresses E. coli K99 fimbriae. A single oral
immunization of BALB/c and CD-1 mice with strain AP112 elicited
significant mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) titers that remained
elevated for >11 weeks. IgA and IgG responses in serum specific for
K99 fimbriae were also induced, with a prominent IgG1, as well as IgG2a
and IgG2b, titer. To assess the derivation of these antibodies, a K99
isotype-specific B-cell ELISPOT analysis was conducted by using
mononuclear cells from the lamina propria of the small intestines (LP),
Peyer's patches (PP), and spleens of vaccinated and control BALB/c
mice. This analysis revealed elevated numbers of K99 fimbria-specific IgA-producing cells in the LP, PP, and spleen, whereas elevated K99
fimbria-specific IgG-producing cells were detected only in the PP and
spleen. These antibodies were important for protective immunity.
One-day-old neonates from dams orally immunized with AP112 were
provided passive protection against oral challenge with wild-type ETEC,
in contrast to challenged neonates from unvaccinated dams or from dams
vaccinated with a control Salmonella vector. These results
confirm that oral Salmonella vaccine vectors effectively deliver K99 fimbriae to mucosal inductive sites for sustained elevation
of IgA and IgG antibodies and for eliciting protective immunity.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Veterinary
Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610. Phone: (406) 994-6244. Fax: (406) 994-4303. E-mail:
dpascual{at}montana.edu.
Infection and Immunity, November 1998, p. 5470-5476, Vol. 66, No. 11
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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