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Infect Immun, August 1998, p. 3796-3801, Vol. 66, No. 8
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cytokine mRNA Expression and Proliferative Responses Induced by Pertussis Toxin, Filamentous Hemagglutinin, and Pertactin of Bordetella pertussis in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Infected and Immunized Schoolchildren and Adults

Qiushui He,1 2 * Nhu Nguyen Tran Minh,1 Kati Edelman,1 3 Matti K. Viljanen,1 2 Heikki Arvilommi,1 2 and Jussi Mertsola1 2 3

National Public Health Institute, Department in Turku,1 Turku Immunology Center,2 and Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital,3 Turku, Finland

Received 19 February 1998/Returned for modification 15 April 1998/Accepted 28 April 1998

Pertussis infection is increasingly recognized in older children and adults, indicating the need of booster immunizations in these age groups. We investigated the induction of pertussis-specific immunity in schoolchildren and adults after booster immunization and natural infection. The expression of mRNA of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and IL-5 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assayed by reverse transcription-PCR. The PBMCs of 17 children immunized with one dose of an acellular vaccine containing pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and pertactin (PRN) significantly proliferated in vitro after stimulation with the vaccine antigens. The PBMCs of seven infected individuals markedly proliferated in the presence of PT and FHA, but the cells of only two of these subjects responded to PRN. At least one of the antigens induced mRNA for IL-4 and/or IL-5 in the cells of 93% of tested vaccinees and patients, and FHA induced IFN-gamma mRNA in the cells of two-thirds of them. Expression of mRNA for IFN-gamma correlated with the production of the cytokine protein. Anti-FHA immunoglobulin G antibodies significantly correlated with FHA-induced proliferative responses both before and after immunization. These results show that booster immunization with acellular pertussis vaccine induces both antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses in schoolchildren. Further, booster immunization and natural infection seem to induce the expression of mRNA of T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 type cytokines in similar manners. This observation supports the use of acellular pertussis vaccines for booster immunizations of older children, adolescents, and adults.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Public Health Institute, Department in Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. Phone: 358-2-251 9255. Fax: 358-2-251 9254. E-mail: qiuhe{at}utu.fi.

Infect Immun, August 1998, p. 3796-3801, Vol. 66, No. 8
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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