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Infection and Immunity, February 1999, p. 921-927, Vol. 67, No. 2
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Antigen-Specific T-Cell Responses in Humans after Intranasal Immunization with a Meningococcal Serogroup B Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine

Fredrik Oftung,1,* Lisbeth Meyer Næss,1 Lee M. Wetzler,2 Gro Ellen Korsvold,1 Audun Aase,1 E. Arne Høiby,3 Rolf Dalseg,1 Johan Holst,1 Terje E. Michaelsen,1,4 and Bjørn Haneberg1,5

Department of Vaccinology1 and Department of Bacteriology,3 National Institute of Public Health, and Department of Pharmacognosy4 and Department of Microbiology,5 Institute of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and Maxwell Finland Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts2

Received 15 June 1998/Returned for modification 11 August 1998/Accepted 13 November 1998

We have studied the ability of the Norwegian group B meningococcal outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccine, when administered intranasally without adjuvant, to induce T-cell responses in humans. A group of 12 vaccinees was immunized with four doses of OMVs (250 µg of protein/dose) at weekly intervals, and a single booster dose was given 5 months later. In vitro T-cell proliferation in response to the OMV vaccine, purified PorA (class 1) protein, PorB (class 3) protein, and one unrelated control antigen (Mycobacterium bovis BCG) was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation into peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from the vaccinees before and after the immunizations. The nasal OMV immunizations induced antigen-specific T-cell responses in the majority of the vaccinees when tested against OMVs (7 of 12) and the PorA antigen (11 of 12). None of the vaccinees showed a vaccine-induced T-cell response to the PorB antigen after the initial four doses. Although some individuals responded to all the vaccine antigens after the booster dose, this response was not significant when the vaccinees were analyzed as a group. We have also demonstrated that the PorA antigen-specific T-cell responses correlated with anti-OMV immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in nasal secretions, with anti-OMV IgG levels in serum, and with serum bactericidal activity. In conclusion, we have shown that it is possible to induce antigen-specific T-cell responses in humans by intranasal administration of a meningococcal OMV vaccine without adjuvant.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Vaccinology, National Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Torshov, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. Phone: 47 22042317. Fax: 47 22042301. E-mail: fredrik.oftung{at}folkehelsa.no.

Infection and Immunity, February 1999, p. 921-927, Vol. 67, No. 2
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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