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Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3580-3586, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Early Events in the Pathogenesis of Avian Salmonellosis

S. Christine Henderson, Denise I. Bounous, and Margie D. Lee*

Departments of Medical Microbiology and Pathology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602

Received 16 February 1999/Returned for modification 18 March 1999/Accepted 22 April 1999

Salmonellae are gastrointestinal pathogens of man and animals. However, strains that are host-specific avian pathogens are often avirulent in mammals, and those which are nonspecific are commensal in poultry. The objective of this study was to determine whether host specificity was exhibited by bacterial abilities to invade epithelial cells or resist leukocyte killing. In this study, leukocytes isolated from humans and chickens were used to kill Salmonella in vitro. Both Salmonella pullorum, an avian-specific serotype, and Salmonella typhimurium, a broad-host-range serotype, were sensitive to killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes isolated from both species. Both serotypes replicated in cells of the MQ-NCSU avian-macrophage cell line. In contrast, S. pullorum was noninvasive for cultured epithelial Henle 407, chick kidney, chick ovary, and budgerigar abdominal tumor cells. In the bird challenge, however, S. typhimurium rapidly caused inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, but S. pullorum preferentially targeted the bursa of Fabricius prior to eliciting intestinal inflammation. Salmonella serotypes which cause typhoid fever in mice have been shown to target the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Observations from this study show that S. pullorum initiated a route of infection in chicks comparable to the route it takes in cases of enteric fever.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Microbiology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Phone: (706) 542-5778. Fax: (706) 542-5771. E-mail: leem{at}calc.vet.uga.edu.

Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3580-3586, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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