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Infection and Immunity, November 2000, p. 6133-6138, Vol. 68, No. 11
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Antigenic Variation of Anaplasma marginale by Expression of MSP2 Mosaics

Anthony F. Barbet,1,* Anna Lundgren,1 Jooyoung Yi,1 Fred R. Rurangirwa,2 and Guy H. Palmer2

Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0880,1 and Program in Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-70302

Received 25 May 2000/Returned for modification 28 June 2000/Accepted 9 August 2000

Anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen, one of several closely related ehrlichial organisms that cause disease in animals and humans. These Ehrlichia species have complex life cycles that require, in addition to replication and development within the tick vector, evasion of the immune system in order to persist in the mammalian reservoir host. This complexity requires efficient use of the small ehrlichial genome. A. marginale and related ehrlichiae express immunoprotective, variable outer membrane proteins that have similar structures and are encoded by polymorphic multigene families. We show here that the major outer membrane protein of A. marginale, MSP2, is encoded on a polycistronic mRNA. The genomic expression site for this mRNA is polymorphic and encodes numerous amino acid sequence variants in bloodstream populations of A. marginale. A potential mechanism for persistence is segmental gene conversion of the expression site to link hypervariable msp2 sequences to the promoter and polycistron.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880. Phone: (352) 392-4700, ext. 5819. Fax: (352) 392-9704. E-mail: barbeta{at}mail.vetmed.ufl.edu.

Infection and Immunity, November 2000, p. 6133-6138, Vol. 68, No. 11
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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