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Infection and Immunity, March 2000, p. 1731-1734, Vol. 68, No. 3
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Lipopolysaccharide Entry in the Damaged Cornea and Specific Uptake by Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

C. L. Schultz,1,2 A. G. Buret,2,3 M. E. Olson,2,3,4 H. Ceri,2,3,4 R. R. Read,3,4 and D. W. Morck2,3,*

Novavax, Rockville, Maryland,1 and Department of Biological Sciences,2 The Biofilm Research Group,3 and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,4 University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Received 12 October 1999/Accepted 30 November 1999

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important agent of induction of ocular pathology following corneal injury or wearing of contaminated contact lenses. The mechanism of LPS uptake through the corneal epithelium is unclear, and the role played by inflammatory cells in this phenomenon has not been previously assessed. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled LPS from Escherichia coli was deposited onto the abraded corneas of New Zealand White rabbits. Epifluorescence microscopy of living excised corneas revealed diffuse LPS staining in the epithelial and stromal layers only in the vicinity of the abrasion. In addition, specific cellular uptake of LPS was suggested by fluorescence staining of cells along the abrasion site. In a second series of experiments, an anti-CD18 polyclonal antibody was used to block infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) into the cornea. In these experiments, a diffuse distribution of fluorescent LPS was still observed along the abrasion, but the specific cellular uptake was abolished. The findings indicate that LPS enters the cornea via diffuse penetration at sites of injury and that specific cellular uptake of LPS occurs within the cornea via PMN which have migrated into the damaged tissue.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4. Phone: (403) 220-5278. Fax: (403) 284-1537. E-mail: dmorck{at}ucalgary.ca.

Infection and Immunity, March 2000, p. 1731-1734, Vol. 68, No. 3
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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