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Infection and Immunity, February 2001, p. 912-916, Vol. 69, No. 2
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.2.912-916.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Initial Characterization of the Hemolysin Stachylysin from Stachybotrys chartarum

Stephen J. Vesper,1,* Matthew L. Magnuson,2 Dorr G. Dearborn,3 Iwona Yike,3 and Richard A. Haugland1

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Laboratory,1 and Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory,2 Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, and Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio 441063

Received 15 May 2000/Returned for modification 18 July 2000/Accepted 28 September 2000

Stachybotrys chartarum is a toxigenic fungus that has been associated with human health concerns, including pulmonary hemorrhage and hemosiderosis. This fungus produces a hemolysin, stachylysin, which in its apparent monomeric form has a molecular mass of 11,920 Da as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. However, it appears to form polydispersed aggregates, which confounds understanding of the actual hemolytically active form. Exhaustive dialysis or heat treatment at 60°C for 30 min inactivated stachylysin. Stachylysin is composed of about 40% nonpolar amino acids and contains two cysteine residues. Purified stachylysin required more than 6 h to begin lysing sheep erythrocytes, but by 48 h, lysis was complete. Stachylysin also formed pores in sheep erythrocyte membranes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: U.S. EPA, 26 W. M. L. King Drive, M. S. 314, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Phone: (513) 569-7367. Fax: (513) 569-7117. E-mail: Vesper.Stephen{at}EPA.gov.

Infection and Immunity, February 2001, p. 912-916, Vol. 69, No. 2
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.2.912-916.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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