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Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1492-1498, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1492-1498.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Differential Changes in Heat Shock Protein-, Lipoarabinomannan-, and Purified Protein Derivative-Specific Immunoglobulin G1 and G2 Isotype Responses during Bovine Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection

Ad P. Koets,1,* Victor P. M. G. Rutten,1 Masja de Boer,1 Douwe Bakker,2 Peter Valentin-Weigand,3 and Willem van Eden1

Department of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht,1 and Department of Bacteriology, Institute for Animal Science and Health, Lelystad,2 The Netherlands, and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany3

Received 19 May 2000/Returned for modification 11 August 2000/Accepted 6 December 2000

Bovine paratuberculosis is caused by infection of young calves with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. In some of the chronically infected cows the long asymptomatic stage (2 to 4 years) is followed by a rapid progression to a clinical stage due to protein-losing enteropathy, which will ultimately be fatal. The current dogma is that in early stages of disease the cell-mediated responses predominate, whereas in the clinical stage of the disease the humoral responses prevail, possibly signaling a switch in immune reactivity related to disease progression. We developed immunoglobulin M (IgM)-, IgA-, and IgG1- and IgG2-isotype-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-derived antigens (heat shock proteins of 70 kDa [Hsp70] and 65 kDa [Hsp65], lipoarabinomannan [LAM], and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis purified protein derivative PPD [PPDP]). The serological responses of cows in different stages of paratuberculosis were used to evaluate the putative shift in immune responsiveness. In the clinical stage the PPDP-specific IgG1 responses were increased compared to those in the asymptomatic stage. However, total IgG1 and IgG2 and the Hsp70-, Hsp65-, and LAM-specific isotype responses were decreased in the clinical stage were decreased compared to those in the asymptomatic stage of disease. Thus, the classical pattern was found only for PPDP antigens and the IgG1 isotype. For other antigens and isotypes and the total IgG levels, the response pattern is different and indicates that there is no uniform association with increased antibody responses during the progression from the asymptomatic stage to the clinical stage of bovine paratuberculosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Phone: 31 (30) 2534608. Fax: 31 (30) 2533555. E-mail: a.p.koets{at}vet.uu.nl.

Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1492-1498, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1492-1498.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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