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Infection and Immunity, April 2001, p. 2230-2236, Vol. 69, No. 4
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2230-2236.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Membrane-Associated Proteins of a Lipopolysaccharide-Deficient Mutant of Neisseria meningitidis Activate the Inflammatory Response through Toll-Like Receptor 2

Robin R. Ingalls,1,* Egil Lien,2 and Douglas T. Golenbock1

Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,1 and Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway2

Received 23 August 2000/Returned for modification 5 October 2000/Accepted 12 January 2001

The recent isolation of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-deficient mutant of Neisseria meningitidis has allowed us to explore the roles of other gram-negative cell wall components in the host response to infection. The experiments in this study were designed to examine the ability of this mutant strain to activate cells. Although it was clearly less potent than the parental strain, we found the LPS-deficient mutant to be a capable inducer of the inflammatory response in monocytic cells, inducing a response similar to that seen with Staphylococcus aureus. Cellular activation by the LPS mutant was related to expression of CD14, a high-affinity receptor for LPS and other microbial products, as well as Toll-like receptor 2, a member of the Toll family of receptors recently implicated in host responses to gram-positive bacteria. In contrast to the parental strain, the synthetic LPS antagonist E5564 did not inhibit the LPS-deficient mutant. We conclude that even in the absence of LPS, the gram-negative cell wall remains a potent inflammatory stimulant, utilizing signaling pathways independent of those involved in LPS signaling.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Evans Biomedical Research Center, 650 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118. Phone: (617) 414-4778. Fax: (617) 414-5280. E-mail: ringalls{at}bu.edu.

Infection and Immunity, April 2001, p. 2230-2236, Vol. 69, No. 4
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2230-2236.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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