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Infection and Immunity, June 2001, p. 3897-3905, Vol. 69, No. 6
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.6.3897-3905.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Plasmodium yoelii Hsp60 DNA Vaccine in BALB/c Mice

Gloria I. Sanchez,1,2,dagger Martha Sedegah,1,3 William O. Rogers,1 Trevor R. Jones,1 John Sacci,1,3 Adam Witney,1,4 Daniel J. Carucci,1 Nirbhay Kumar,2 and Stephen L. Hoffman1,*

Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-75001; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 212052; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 212013; and Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland 208524

Received 13 December 2000/Returned for modification 29 January 2001/Accepted 19 March 2001

The gene encoding the 60-kDa heat shock protein of Plasmodium yoelii (PyHsp60) was cloned into the VR1012 and VR1020 mammalian expression vectors. Groups of 10 BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly at 0, 3, and 9 weeks with 100 µg of PyHsp60 DNA vaccine alone or in combination with 30 µg of pmurGMCSF. Sera from immunized mice but not from vector control groups recognized P. yoelii sporozoites, liver stages, and infected erythrocytes in an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Two weeks after the last immunization, mice were challenged with 50 P. yoelii sporozoites. In one experiment the vaccine pPyHsp60-VR1012 used in combination with pmurGMCSF gave 40% protection (Fisher's exact test; P = 0.03, vaccinated versus control groups). In a second experiment this vaccine did not protect any of the immunized mice but induced a delay in the onset of parasitemia. In neither experiment was there any evidence of a protective effect against the asexual erythrocytic stage of the life cycle. In a third experiment mice were primed with PyHsp60 DNA, were boosted 2 weeks later with 2 × 103 irradiated P. yoelii sporozoites, and were challenged several weeks later. The presence of PyHsp60 in the immunization regimen did not lead to reduced blood-stage infection or development of parasites in hepatocytes. PyHsp60 DNA vaccines were immunogenic in BALB/c mice but did not consistently, completely protect against sporozoite challenge. The observation that in some of the PyHsp60 DNA vaccine-immunized mice there was protection against infection or a delay in the onset of parasitemia after sporozoite challenge deserves further evaluation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Celera Genomics, 45 West Gude Dr., Rockville, MD 20850. Phone: (240) 453-3580. Fax: (240) 452-4580. E-mail: stephen.hoffman{at}celera.com.

dagger Present address: BIOGENESIS---Immunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia.

Infection and Immunity, June 2001, p. 3897-3905, Vol. 69, No. 6
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.6.3897-3905.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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