This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow An authors' corrections has been published
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Li, M.
Right arrow Articles by Sozhamannan, S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Li, M.
Right arrow Articles by Sozhamannan, S.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, May 2002, p. 2441-2453, Vol. 70, No. 5
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.5.2441-2453.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evidence for the Emergence of Non-O1 and Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Strains with Pathogenic Potential by Exchange of O-Antigen Biosynthesis Regions

Manrong Li,1,2,{dagger} Toshio Shimada,3 J. Glenn Morris, Jr.,1,2 Alexander Sulakvelidze,1 and Shanmuga Sozhamannan1,2*

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine,1 VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,2 Laboratory of Enteric Infection 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan3

Received 8 November 2001/ Returned for modification 20 December 2001/ Accepted 18 January 2002

The novel epidemic strain Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal originated from a seventh-pandemic O1 El Tor strain by antigenic shift resulting from homologous recombination-mediated exchange of O-antigen biosynthesis (wb*) clusters. Conservation of the genetic organization of wb* regions seen in other serogroups raised the possibility of the existence of pathogenic non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae strains that emerged by similar events. To test this hypothesis, 300 V. cholerae isolates of non-O1 and non-O139 serogroups were screened for the presence of virulence genes and an epidemic genetic background by DNA dot blotting, IS1004 fingerprinting, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. We found four non-O1 strains (serogroups O27, O37, O53, and O65) with an O1 genetic backbone suggesting exchange of wb* clusters. DNA sequence analysis of the O37 wb* region revealed that a novel ~23.4-kb gene cluster had replaced all but the ~4.2-kb right junction of the 22-kb O1 wbe region. In sharp contrast to the backbones, the virulence regions of the four strains were quite heterogeneous; the O53 and O65 strains had the El Tor vibrio pathogenicity island (VPI) cluster, the O37 strain had the classical VPI cluster, and the O27 strain had a novel VPI cluster. Two of the four strains carried CTX{phi}; the O27 strain possessed a CTX{phi} with a recently reported immune specificity (rstR-4** allele) and a novel ctxB allele, and the O37 strain had an El Tor CTX{phi} (rstRET allele) and novel ctxAB alleles. Although the O53 and O65 strains lacked the ctxAB genes, they carried a pre-CTX{phi} (i.e., rstRcla). Identification of non-O1 and non-O139 serogroups with pathogenic potential in epidemic genetic backgrounds means that attention should be paid to possible future epidemics caused by these serogroups and to the need for new, rapid vaccine development strategies.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Intralytix, Inc., The Columbus Center, 701 E. Pratt St., Room 4016, Baltimore, MD 21201. Phone: (410) 625-2422. Fax: (410) 625-2506. E-mail: ssozhamannan{at}intralytix.com.

Editor: D. L. Burns

{dagger} Present address: Intralytix, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21201.

Infection and Immunity, May 2002, p. 2441-2453, Vol. 70, No. 5
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.5.2441-2453.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Chun, J., Grim, C. J., Hasan, N. A., Lee, J. H., Choi, S. Y., Haley, B. J., Taviani, E., Jeon, Y.-S., Kim, D. W., Lee, J.-H., Brettin, T. S., Bruce, D. C., Challacombe, J. F., Detter, J. C., Han, C. S., Munk, A. C., Chertkov, O., Meincke, L., Saunders, E., Walters, R. A., Huq, A., Nair, G. B., Colwell, R. R. (2009). Comparative genomics reveals mechanism for short-term and long-term clonal transitions in pandemic Vibrio cholerae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 15442-15447 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chokesajjawatee, N., Zo, Y.-G., Colwell, R. R. (2008). Determination of Clonality and Relatedness of Vibrio cholerae Isolates by Genomic Fingerprinting, Using Long-Range Repetitive Element Sequence-Based PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 5392-5401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cordero, C. L., Sozhamannan, S., Satchell, K. J. F. (2007). RTX Toxin Actin Cross-Linking Activity in Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Vibrio cholerae. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45: 2289-2292 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pang, B., Yan, M., Cui, Z., Ye, X., Diao, B., Ren, Y., Gao, S., Zhang, L., Kan, B. (2007). Genetic Diversity of Toxigenic and Nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae Serogroups O1 and O139 Revealed by Array-Based Comparative Genomic Hybridization. J. Bacteriol. 189: 4837-4849 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Miller, M. C., Keymer, D. P., Avelar, A., Boehm, A. B., Schoolnik, G. K. (2007). Detection and Transformation of Genome Segments That Differ within a Coastal Population of Vibrio cholerae Strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 3695-3704 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cunneen, M. M., Reeves, P. R. (2007). The Yersinia kristensenii O11 O-Antigen Gene Cluster was Acquired by Lateral Gene Transfer and Incorporated at a Novel Chromosomal Locus. Mol Biol Evol 24: 1355-1365 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maiti, D., Das, B., Saha, A., Nandy, R. K., Nair, G. B., Bhadra, R. K. (2006). Genetic organization of pre-CTX and CTX prophages in the genome of an environmental Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strain. Microbiology 152: 3633-3641 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lee, J. H., Han, K. H., Choi, S. Y., Lucas, M. E. S., Mondlane, C., Ansaruzzaman, M., Nair, G. B., Sack, D. A., von Seidlein, L., Clemens, J. D., Song, M., Chun, J., The Mozambique Cholera Vaccine Demonstration Proje, , Kim, D. W. (2006). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor isolates from Mozambique that harbour the classical CTX prophage. J Med Microbiol 55: 165-170 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Purdy, A., Rohwer, F., Edwards, R., Azam, F., Bartlett, D. H. (2005). A Glimpse into the Expanded Genome Content of Vibrio cholerae through Identification of Genes Present in Environmental Strains. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2992-3001 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dziejman, M., Serruto, D., Tam, V. C., Sturtevant, D., Diraphat, P., Faruque, S. M., Rahman, M. H., Heidelberg, J. F., Decker, J., Li, L., Montgomery, K. T., Grills, G., Kucherlapati, R., Mekalanos, J. J. (2005). Genomic characterization of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae reveals genes for a type III secretion system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 3465-3470 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • O'Shea, Y. A., Reen, F. J., Quirke, A. M., Boyd, E. F. (2004). Evolutionary Genetic Analysis of the Emergence of Epidemic Vibrio cholerae Isolates on the Basis of Comparative Nucleotide Sequence Analysis and Multilocus Virulence Gene Profiles. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 4657-4671 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kotetishvili, M., Stine, O. C., Chen, Y., Kreger, A., Sulakvelidze, A., Sozhamannan, S., Morris, J. G. Jr. (2003). Multilocus Sequence Typing Has Better Discriminatory Ability for Typing Vibrio cholerae than Does Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Provides a Measure of Phylogenetic Relatedness. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 2191-2196 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, M., Kotetishvili, M., Chen, Y., Sozhamannan, S. (2003). Comparative Genomic Analyses of the Vibrio Pathogenicity Island and Cholera Toxin Prophage Regions in Nonepidemic Serogroup Strains of Vibrio cholerae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 1728-1738 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»