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Infection and Immunity, February 2003, p. 956-963, Vol. 71, No. 2
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.2.956-963.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of T Cells in Oral Lesions from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Persons with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis

Tammy A. Myers,1,2 Janet E. Leigh,2,3 Alfredo R. Arribas,2,3 Shannon Hager,4 Rebecca Clark,4 Elizabeth Lilly,1,2 and Paul L. Fidel, Jr.1,2*

Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology,1 Infectious Disease/HIV Section, Department of Medicine,4 Department of General Dentistry,3 Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana 701122

Received 20 August 2002/ Returned for modification 8 October 2002/ Accepted 13 November 2002

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), caused by Candida albicans, is the most frequent opportunistic fungal infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons. Although Th1-type CD4+ T cells are considered important for host defense against mucosal C. albicans infections, there is a paucity of information regarding the presence and/or role of T cells in OPC lesions. In pursuit of this, initial chromophore immunohistochemical studies showed a majority of CD8+ rather than CD4+ cells equally distributed throughout the buccal mucosa of OPC- persons (HIV- or HIV+), irrespective of blood CD4+ cell numbers. In contrast, CD8+ cells in lesions from HIV+ OPC+ persons were in significantly higher numbers and concentrated at the lamina propria-epithelium interface, a considerable distance from the Candida at the outer epithelium. Dual fluorescence and confocal microscopy confirmed that the majority of CD8+, but not CD4+, cells were T cells by the presence or absence, respectively, of CD3 on each cell type. These results suggest that CD8+ T cells may be important for oral host defense against OPC, especially when CD4 cell numbers are reduced, with a potential CD8 cell-specific dysfunction associated with susceptibility to OPC.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112. Phone: (504) 568-4066. Fax: (504) 568-4066. E-mail: pfidel{at}lsuhsc.edu.

Editor: T. R. Kozel

Infection and Immunity, February 2003, p. 956-963, Vol. 71, No. 2
0019-9567/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.2.956-963.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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