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Infection and Immunity, October 2004, p. 5555-5564, Vol. 72, No. 10
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.10.5555-5564.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The vimE Gene Downstream of vimA Is Independently Expressed and Is Involved in Modulating Proteolytic Activity in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83

Elaine Vanterpool,* Francis Roy, and Hansel M. Fletcher

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California

Received 10 February 2004/ Returned for modification 20 May 2004/ Accepted 15 July 2004

Regulation/activation of the Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipains is poorly understood. A unique 1.3-kb open reading frame downstream of the bcp-recA-vimA transcriptional unit was cloned, insertionally inactivated with the ermF-ermAM antibiotic resistance cassette, and used to create a defective mutant by allelic exchange. In contrast to the wild-type W83 strain, the growth rate of the mutant strain (designated FLL93) was reduced, and when plated on Brucella blood agar it was nonpigmented and nonhemolytic. Arginine- and lysine-specific gingipain activities were reduced by approximately 90 and 85%, respectively, relative to activities of the parent strain. These activities were unaffected by the culture's growth phase, in contrast to the vimA-defective mutant P. gingivalis FLL92, which has increased proteolytic activity in stationary phase. Expression of the rgpA, rgpB, and kgp gingipain genes was unaltered in P. gingivalis FLL93 compared to that of the wild-type strain. Further, in extracellular protein fractions a 64-kDa band was identified that was immunoreactive with the RgpB-specific proenzyme antibodies. Active-site labeling with dansyl-glutamyl-glycyl-arginyl chloromethyl ketone or immunoblot analysis showed no detectable protein band representing the gingipain catalytic domain. In vitro protease activity could be slightly induced by a urea denaturation-renaturation cycle in an extracellular protein fraction, in contrast to the vimA-defective mutant P. gingivalis FLL92. Expression of flanking genes, including recA, vimA, and Pg0792, was unaltered by the mutation. Taken together, these results suggest that the vimA downstream gene, designated vimE (for virulence-modulating gene E), is involved in the regulation of protease activity in P. gingivalis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350. Phone: (909) 558-4472. Fax: (909) 558-4035. E-mail: eguiness02X{at}som.llu.edu.

Editor: V. J. DiRita

Infection and Immunity, October 2004, p. 5555-5564, Vol. 72, No. 10
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.10.5555-5564.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Henry, L. G., Sandberg, L., Zhang, K., Fletcher, H. M. (2008). DNA Repair of 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydroguanine Lesions in Porphyromonas gingivalis. J. Bacteriol. 190: 7985-7993 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vanterpool, E., Roy, F., Zhan, W., Sheets, S. M., Sangberg, L., Fletcher, H. M. (2006). VimA is part of the maturation pathway for the major gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83.. Microbiology 152: 3383-3389 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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