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Infection and Immunity, November 2004, p. 6492-6502, Vol. 72, No. 11
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.11.6492-6502.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antibodies to the N-Terminal Block 2 of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 1 Are Associated with Protection against Clinical Malaria

David R. Cavanagh,1* Daniel Dodoo,2 Lars Hviid,3 Jørgen A. L. Kurtzhals,3 Thor G. Theander,3 Bartholomew D. Akanmori,2 Spencer Polley,4 David J. Conway,4 Kojo Koram,2 and Jana S. McBride1

Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland,1 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom,4 Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana,2 Centre for Medical Parasitology at the Department of Infectious Diseases and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) and at the Institute for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark3

Received 10 February 2004/ Returned for modification 19 March 2004/ Accepted 26 July 2004

This longitudinal prospective study shows that antibodies to the N-terminal block 2 region of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) are associated with protection against clinical malaria in an area of stable but seasonal malaria transmission of Ghana. Antibodies to the block 2 region of MSP-1 were measured in a cohort of 280 children before the beginning of the major malaria transmission season. The cohort was then actively monitored for malaria, clinically and parasitologically, over a period of 17 months. Evidence is presented for an association between antibody responses to block 2 and a significantly reduced risk of subsequent clinical malaria. Furthermore, statistical survival analysis provides new information on the duration of the effect over time. The results support a conclusion that the block 2 region of MSP-1 is a target of protective immunity against P. falciparum and, thus, a promising new candidate for the development of a malaria vaccine.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Rd., Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 131 650 5459. Fax: 44 131 650 7322. E-mail: david.cavanagh{at}ed.ac.uk.

Editor: S. H. E. Kaufmann

Infection and Immunity, November 2004, p. 6492-6502, Vol. 72, No. 11
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.11.6492-6502.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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