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Infection and Immunity, February 2004, p. 684-690, Vol. 72, No. 2
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.2.684-690.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Patterns of Variations in Escherichia coli Strains That Produce Cytolethal Distending Toxin

Carol L. Pickett,1* Robert B. Lee,1 Aysegul Eyigor,1 Ben Elitzur,1 Emily M. Fox,1 and Nancy A. Strockbine2

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0298,1 Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 303332

Received 3 March 2003/ Returned for modification 29 April 2003/ Accepted 28 October 2003

A collection of 20 Escherichia coli strains that produce cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) were analyzed for their virulence-associated genes. All of these strains were serotyped, and multiplex PCR analysis was used to ascertain the presence of genes encoding other virulence factors, including Shiga toxin, intimin, enterohemolysin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) and CNF2, heat-stable toxin, and heat-labile toxin. These CDT-producing strains possessed various combinations of known virulence genes, some of which have not been noted before. Partial cdtB sequences were obtained from 10 of these strains, and their predicted CdtB sequences were compared to known E. coli CdtB sequences; some of the sequences were identical to known CdtB sequences, but two were not. PCR primers based on sequence differences between the known cdt sequences were tested for their ability to detect CDT producers and to determine CDT type. Correlations between the type of CDT produced, the presence of other virulence properties, and overall strain relatedness revealed that the CDT producers studied here can be divided into three general groups, with distinct differences in CDT type and in their complement of virulence-associated genes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536-0298. Phone: (859) 323-5313. Fax: (859) 257-8994. E-mail: cpicket{at}uky.edu.

Editor: A. D. O'Brien

Infection and Immunity, February 2004, p. 684-690, Vol. 72, No. 2
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.2.684-690.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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