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Infection and Immunity, August 2004, p. 4357-4367, Vol. 72, No. 8
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4357-4367.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Chlamydia trachomatis-Specific Human CD8+ T Cells Show Two Patterns of Antigen Recognition

Malgosia K. Matyszak and J. S. Hill Gaston*

University of Cambridge Clinical School, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom

Received 28 January 2004/ Accepted 8 April 2004

Chlamydia trachomatis is an intracellular gram-negative bacteria which causes several clinically important diseases. T-cell-mediated immunity and the production of gamma interferon (IFN-{gamma}) are known to be essential for the clearance of the bacteria in vivo. Here we have investigated CD8+-T-cell responses to C. trachomatis in patients with previous episodes of chlamydia infection. To isolate C. trachomatis-specific CD8+-T-cell lines, dendritic cells (DC) were infected with C. trachomatis and cocultured with purified CD8+ T cells to generate C. trachomatis-specific CD8+-T-cell lines which were then cloned. Two patterns of recognition of C. trachomatis-infected cells by CD8+-T-cell clones were identified. In the first, C. trachomatis antigens were recognized in association with classical class I HLA antigens, and responses were inhibited by class I HLA-specific monoclonal antibodies. The second set of clones was unrestricted by classical HLA class I, and further studies showed that CD1 molecules were also not the restriction element for those clones. Both types of clones produced IFN-{gamma} in response to C. trachomatis and were able to lyse C. trachomatis-infected target cells. However, unrestricted clones recognized C. trachomatis-infected cells at much earlier time points postinfection than HLA-restricted clones. Coculture of C. trachomatis-infected DC with the C. trachomatis-specific clones induced DC activation and a rapid enhancement of interleukin-12 (IL-12) production. Early production of IL-12 during C. trachomatis infection, facilitated by unrestricted CD8+-T-cell clones, may be important in ensuring a subsequent Th1 T-cell-mediated response by classical major histocompatibility complex-restricted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Cambridge Clinical School, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Level 5, PO Box 157, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 1223 330139. Fax: 44 1223 330160. E-mail: jshg2{at}medschl.cam.ac.uk.

Editor: S. H. E. Kaufmann

Infection and Immunity, August 2004, p. 4357-4367, Vol. 72, No. 8
0019-9567/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4357-4367.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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