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Infection and Immunity, June 2005, p. 3385-3393, Vol. 73, No. 6
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.6.3385-3393.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Diminished Monocyte Function in Microfilaremic Patients with Lymphatic Filariasis and Its Relationship to Altered Lymphoproliferative Responses

B. Sasisekhar,1 M. Aparna,1 D. J. Augustin,2 P. Kaliraj,1 S. K. Kar,3 T. B. Nutman,4 and R. B. Narayanan1*

Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India,1 Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India,2 Centre for Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,3 Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208924

Received 7 October 2003/ Returned for modification 12 February 2004/ Accepted 28 November 2004

Antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness to filarial antigens is a phenomenon observed in patent infection with lymph-dwelling filarial parasites of humans. This phenomenon has been attributed to a multitude of factors, one of which is altered monocyte function. To examine the role played by monocytes in filarial infection, we assessed the responses of monocytes obtained from normal and filarial parasite-infected individuals to both crude filarial antigen and purified recombinant filarial antigen WbSXP-1 and attempted to relate these to the altered lymphoproliferative responses seen in filarial infection. Monocytes from microfilaremic (MF) patients demonstrated an inability to respond to lipopolysaccharide compared to monocytes from endemic normal persons or from lymphedema patients. Indeed, interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß) production was severely limited, a finding that did not extend to monocyte responses to filarial antigens. Serum from MF patients reduced adherence and spreading of normal monocytes, a finding not seen with serum from the other clinical groups. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between the production of IL-1ß and adherence. Moreover, the levels of spontaneous production of IL-1ß correlated with high levels of spontaneous secretion of IL-10. The effects observed were not a result of diminished viability or alteration in the expression of the cell surface markers CD14 and HLA-DR. These data suggest that monocyte function is dampened in MF patients, a finding which could alter lymphoproliferative responses during patent infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India. Phone: 91-44-22350772. Fax: 91-44-22350299. E-mail: rbn{at}annauniv.edu.

Editor: J. F. Urban, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, June 2005, p. 3385-3393, Vol. 73, No. 6
0019-9567/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.73.6.3385-3393.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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