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Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 296-304, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.296-304.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of Borrelia burgdorferi Outer Surface Proteins

Chad S. Brooks,1 Santosh R. Vuppala,2 Amy M. Jett,2 and Darrin R. Akins2*

Department of Biology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee 37044,1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 731042

Received 23 May 2005/ Returned for modification 5 July 2005/ Accepted 20 October 2005

Several Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface proteins have been identified over the past decade that are up-regulated by temperature- and/or mammalian host-specific signals as this spirochete is transmitted from ticks to mammals. Given the potential role(s) that these differentially up-regulated proteins may play in B. burgdorferi transmission and Lyme disease pathogenesis, much attention has recently been placed on identifying additional borrelial outer surface proteins. To identify uncharacterized B. burgdorferi outer surface proteins, we previously performed a comprehensive gene expression profiling analysis of temperature-shifted and mammalian host-adapted B. burgdorferi. The combined microarray analyses revealed that many genes encoding known and putative outer surface proteins are down-regulated in mammalian host-adapted B. burgdorferi. At the same time, however, several different genes encoding putative outer surface proteins were found to be up-regulated during the transmission and infection process. Among the putative outer surface proteins identified, biochemical and surface localization analyses confirmed that seven (Bb0405, Bb0689, BbA36, BbA64, BbA66, BbA69, and BbI42) are localized to the surface of B. burgdorferi. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis using serum from tick-infested baboons indicated that all seven outer surface proteins identified are immunogenic and that antibodies are generated against all seven during a natural infection. Specific antibodies generated against all seven of these surface proteins were found to be bactericidal against B. burgdorferi, indicating that these newly identified outer surface proteins are prime candidates for analysis as second-generation Lyme disease vaccinogens.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104. Phone: (405) 271-2133 ext. 46640. Fax: (405) 271-3117. E-mail: darrin-akins{at}ouhsc.edu.

Editor: J. D. Clements

Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 296-304, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.296-304.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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